<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2218-3620</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Universidad y Sociedad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Universidad y Sociedad]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2218-3620</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial "Universo Sur"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2218-36202025000300037</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["Divani-Hikmet" and the tradition of 19th century literary Mazlises]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA["Divani-Hikmet" y la tradición de los mazlises literarios del siglo XIX]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khaleddin qizi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Valiyeva Ilaha]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nasib qizi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Allahverdiyeva Leyla]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agakerim qizi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jabarova Medina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allahgulu qizi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aliyeva Leyla]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Sumgayit State University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Azerbaijan</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000300037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000300037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000300037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT This study examines the role of the Divani-Hikmet Literary Council, founded by Mirza Shafi Vazeh, on Azerbaijani cultural development in the 19th century. While Western Europe and Russia have acknowledged the impact of Vazeh, current work does not fully address how such literary circles served as agents for national literary change. This study aims to examine the democratizing effect of these councils on Azerbaijani intellectual discourse and their role in promoting regional cultural diversity. We argue that these gatherings broke down social and age barriers, especially by encouraging the use of the Azerbaijani language as a means of cultural expression. Furthermore, the plays of prominent authors such as Vazeh, Akhundzadeh, and Bakikhanov formed the groundwork for a critical realism that sought to tackle contemporary social problems through new forms of literature. The findings of this study show the manner in which these literary prescriptions not merely revolutionized literature during their time but have come to constitute contemporary Azerbaijani literary canons, affirming that inclusive intellectual spaces continue to play a pivotal role in cultural constitution.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Este estudio examina el papel del Consejo Literario Divani-Hikmet, fundado por Mirza Shafi Vazeh, en el desarrollo cultural azerbaiyano del siglo XIX. Si bien Europa Occidental y Rusia han reconocido el impacto de Vazeh, los trabajos actuales no abordan a fondo cómo estos círculos literarios sirvieron como agentes del cambio literario nacional. Este estudio busca examinar el efecto democratizador de estos consejos en el discurso intelectual azerbaiyano y su papel en la promoción de la diversidad cultural regional. Argumentamos que estas reuniones rompieron barreras sociales y de edad, especialmente al fomentar el uso del idioma azerbaiyano como medio de expresión cultural. Además, las obras de autores destacados como Vazeh, Akhundzadeh y Bakikhanov sentaron las bases de un realismo crítico que buscó abordar los problemas sociales contemporáneos a través de nuevas formas literarias. Los hallazgos de este estudio muestran cómo estas prescripciones literarias no solo revolucionaron la literatura de su época, sino que han llegado a constituir los cánones literarios azerbaiyanos contemporáneos, afirmando que los espacios intelectuales inclusivos siguen desempeñando un papel fundamental en la constitución cultural.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Literary advices]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mirza Shafi Vazeh]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Azerbaijani literature]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Critical realism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cultural development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Consejos literarios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mirza Shafi Vazeh]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Literatura azerbaiyana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Realismo crítico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desarrollo cultural]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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</article>
