<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2218-3620</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Universidad y Sociedad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Universidad y Sociedad]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2218-3620</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial "Universo Sur"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2218-36202025000400011</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Formation and lexico-semantic features of the evolution of euphemisms in the Turkish language]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Formación y características léxico-semánticas de la evolución de los eufemismos en la lengua turca]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hajiyeva Niyaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Banovsha]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Baku State University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Azerbaijan</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000400011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000400011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000400011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Emotional-expressive lexicology constitutes the foundation of vibrant spoken language, with euphemisms representing particularly meaningful linguistic units. While scholarly literature traditionally presents emotionality and expressiveness as independent concepts, their functional and semantic interconnectedness warrants deeper investigation, particularly within Turkish language variants. This study addresses this gap in comparative analysis of euphemistic expressions across Turkish dialects by examining the lexicological-semantic features of euphemisms in both Turkey Turkish and Azerbaijani Turkish. It was used descriptive and comparative methodological approaches; it was analyzed how euphemisms function as expressive words that retain emotional qualities while transforming negative connotations into softer expressions. It was found that euphemisms operate distinctively from metaphors-rather than enhancing artistic presentation, they primarily serve to mitigate unpleasant realities. For instance, expressions like "rahmetli oldu" (Turkey Turkish) and "r&#601;hm&#601;t&#601; getdi" (Azerbaijani Turkish) soften the concept of death ("öldü"), illustrating how euphemisms alleviate negative meanings while preserving conceptual integrity. It was also revealed that euphemisms act as historically-embedded social constructs that evolve alongside societal development, continually acquiring new forms and meanings. This evolutionary process contributes significantly to linguistic enrichment due to the generation of additional homonyms and synonyms. These findings enhance our knowledge of how emotional-expressive lexicology functions across Turkish language variants and allows us to clarify the social dimensions of euphemistic expression in constructing cultural meaning.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La lexicología emocional-expresiva constituye la base de una lengua hablada vibrante, donde los eufemismos representan unidades lingüísticas particularmente significativas. Si bien la literatura académica tradicionalmente presenta la emocionalidad y la expresividad como conceptos independientes, su interconexión funcional y semántica justifica una investigación más profunda, en particular en las variantes del turco. Este estudio aborda esta brecha en el análisis comparativo de las expresiones eufemísticas en los dialectos turcos mediante el examen de las características lexicológicas y semánticas de los eufemismos tanto en el turco como en el turco azerbaiyano. Se utilizaron enfoques metodológicos descriptivos y comparativos para analizar cómo los eufemismos funcionan como palabras expresivas que conservan cualidades emocionales al tiempo que transforman connotaciones negativas en expresiones más suaves. Se descubrió que los eufemismos operan de forma distinta a las metáforas: en lugar de realzar la presentación artística, sirven principalmente para mitigar realidades desagradables. Por ejemplo, expresiones como "rahmetli oldu" (turco turco) y "r&#601;hm&#601;t&#601; getdi" (turco azerbaiyano) suavizan el concepto de muerte ("öldü"), lo que ilustra cómo los eufemismos atenúan los significados negativos a la vez que preservan la integridad conceptual. También se reveló que los eufemismos actúan como constructos sociales históricamente arraigados que evolucionan junto con el desarrollo social, adquiriendo continuamente nuevas formas y significados. Este proceso evolutivo contribuye significativamente al enriquecimiento lingüístico gracias a la generación de homónimos y sinónimos adicionales. Estos hallazgos amplían nuestro conocimiento sobre el funcionamiento de la lexicología emocional-expresiva en las variantes del turco y nos permiten aclarar las dimensiones sociales de la expresión eufemística en la construcción del significado cultural.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Euphemism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lexicology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Semantic meaning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Turkish]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Emotional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Eufemismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lexicología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Significado semántico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Turco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[emocional]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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