<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2304-0106</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la ACC]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2304-0106</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia de Ciencias de Cuba]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2304-01062021000100025</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Aportes a la evolución y clasificación taxonómica de los géneros de importancia médica de la familia Trypanosomatidae basado en el análisis filogenético del gen de la proteína de choque térmico 70]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Contributions to the evolution and taxonomic classification of medical importance genus of the Trypanosomatidae family based on the phylogenetic analysis of the heat shock protein 70 gene]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fraga Nodarse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montalvo Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van der Auwera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gert]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dujardin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jean-Claude]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Requena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deborggraeve]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Stijn]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Büscher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Philippe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ilse]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Doncker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Simone]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí Departamento de Parasitología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de medicina tropical Departamento de ciencia biomédica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Antwerp]]></addr-line>
<country>Belgica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa Departamento de Biología Molecular]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Madrid]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2304-01062021000100025&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2304-01062021000100025&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2304-01062021000100025&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  Dentro de la familia Trypanosomatidae hay dos géneros de importancia médica por su papel como patógenos humanos, Trypanosoma y Leishmania. Dentro de estos géneros se encuentran especies y subespecies causantes de la leishmaniasis, la tripanosomiasis americana y la tripanosomiasis africana humana. Objetivos: En este estudio investigamos las relaciones filogenéticas de los géneros Leishmania y Trypanosoma utilizando la secuencia del gen hsp70 citoplasmática y discutimos las implicaciones para las definiciones de especies, la evolución y la taxonomía de estos géneros.  Métodos:  Se secuenció el gen de la HSP70 de 44 cepas de 11 especies de Leishmania y 41 cepas de 9 especies de Trypanosoma de diferentes orígenes geográficos. Las secuencias obtenidas se alinearon con las secuencias publicadas previamente en las bases de datos. El programa MEGA se utilizó para la construcción de distintos árboles filogenéticos basados en parámetros de distancia y caracteres. El soporte de los grupos monofiléticos se determinó por el método de boostrap.  Resultados:  En el presente trabajo se utilizó por primera vez el gen de la hps70 citoplasmática para estudios filogenéticos de los géneros Leishmania y Trypanosoma y con ello se demostró la utilidad de utilizarlo como marcador molecular en el diseño de métodos para la detección, identificación y diferenciación de especies y linajes de Leishmania y Trypanosoma. Los resultados proporcionan evidencias que soportan la hipótesis de que el género Leishmania es originario del &#8220;nuevo mundo&#8221;. Conclusiones: Los resultados de los estudios, basados en el análisis filogenético del gen que codifica las hps70, contribuyeron a la discusión sobre de un marco general de consenso taxonómico para los géneros Leishmania y Trypanosoma.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Within the Trypanosomatidae family, there are two genera of medical importance for their role as human pathogens, Trypanosoma and Leishmania. Within these genera are species and subspecies that cause leishmaniasis, American Trypanosomiasis and Human African Trypanosomiasis. Objective. In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Leishmania and Trypanosoma using the cytoplasmic hsp70 gene and we discussed the implications for species definitions, evolution and taxonomy of these genera.  Methods:  The hsp70 gene from 44 strains from 11 Leishmania species and 41 strains from 9 Trypanosoma species from different geographical origins were sequenced. The sequences obtained were aligned with the sequences previously published in the databases. The MEGA program was used for the construction of different phylogenetic trees based on distance and character parameters. The support of the monophyletic groups was determined by the "boostrap" method.  Results:  For the first time, the cytoplasmic hsp70 gene was used in phylogenetic studies of the Leishmania and Trypanosoma genus and, with the results obtained, it was demonstrated that it is convenient to use it as a molecular marker for molecular methods design for detection, identification and differentiation of Leishmania and Trypanosoma species and lineages. Evidence is provided that supports the hypothesis that the genus Leishmania originated in South America (&#8220;New World&#8221;), thus contributing to the general discussion about the origin of this genus. Conclusion: This study actively contributed to discussing the implications of this analysis for the taxonomic framework for the Leishmania and Trypanosoma genera.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Trypanosomatidae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Trypanosoma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Leishmania]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedad de Chagas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedad del sueño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[filogenia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[proteína de choque térmico 70]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Trypanosomatidae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Trypanosoma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Leishmania]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[chagas diseases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sleeping sickness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[phylogeny]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[heat shock protein 70]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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