<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2304-0106</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la ACC]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2304-0106</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia de Ciencias de Cuba]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2304-01062023000300007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Sustentabilidad arquitectónica y urbana, ambiente térmico interior y consumo de energía en Cuba]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Architectural, and urban sustainability, indoor thermal environment and energy in Cuba]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Couret]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dania]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rueda Guzmán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De la Paz Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collado Baldoquin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natali]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana José Antonio Echeverría  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Camagüey]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2304-01062023000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2304-01062023000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2304-01062023000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  El problema científico parte de una visión de la sustentabilidad en los países en desarrollo y se resume en ¿cómo el diseño arquitectónico puede contribuir a mejorar el ambiente térmico interior y reducir el consumo energético en las condiciones del clima de Cuba? Objetivo: demostrar que es posible reducir la temperatura en los espacios interiores y el consumo energético por climatización artificial en los edificios mediante un diseño arquitectónico específico, adecuado al clima, al contexto urbano y a la orientación.  Métodos:  Se ha estructurado en 3 unidades que responden a objetivos específicos y reflejan la evolución de los métodos y técnicas de investigación, el uso de software y equipos de medición a escala de laboratorio y natural, así como la calibración y validación de las simulaciones en relación con el monitoreo.  Resultados:  La base teórico-metodológica propuesta enfoca la sustentabilidad del medio construido desde el punto de vista de los países en desarrollo, tomando el caso cubano como referente; se proponen variables, parámetros e indicadores para evaluar la influencia de la morfología urbana en los usos pasivos y activos del sol y el viento; se caracteriza el contexto urbano según las sombras arrojadas; se demuestra la necesidad de actualizar la NC-2020; se propone un procedimiento para evaluar cualitativamente las soluciones de diseño en clima cálido-húmedo, y se calibran y validan los resultados de la simulación y el monitoreo. En conclusiones para avanzar hacia la sustentabilidad en los países en desarrollo es necesario satisfacer las necesidades básicas. La sociedad cubana ha demostrado ser altamente resiliente, pero debe brindar más atención a la influencia del diseño arquitectónico y urbano en el ambiente térmico interior y el consumo de energía.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  The scientific problem starts from a vision of sustainability in developing countries and is summarized in how architectural design may contribute to improve the indoor thermal environment and to reduce energy in the Cuban climate. Objective: to demonstrate that it is posible to reduce the temperature in the inner spaces and so the energetic comsumption due to the use of artificial air conditioning in buildings through a specific architectural design, suitable for the weather, the urban context and the orientation.  Methods:  It has been structured in three units responding to specific objectives, which reflects the evolution of research techniques and methods, software and measurement equipment, at a lab and natural scales, as well as calibration and validation of simulation with respect to monitoring.  Results:  The proposed theoretical and methodological base focuses on sustainability of the built environment from the point of view of the developing countries, taking the Cuban case as a reference; they are proposed variables, parameters an indicators to evaluate the influence of urban morphology on the passive and active uses of sun and wind; it is characterized the urban context according to projected shadow; it is demonstrated the need to update the Cuban Standard; it is proposed a procedure for the qualitative evaluation of design solutions in a warm and humid climate, and simulation and monitoring results are calibrated and validated. Conclusions: In order to move towards sustainability in developing countries, it is necessary to satisfy basic needs. Cuban society has demonstrated to be highly resilient, but it should pay more attention to the influence of architectural and urban design on indoor thermal environment and energy consumption.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sustentabilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diseño arquitectónico y urbano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ambiente térmico interior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[consumo de energía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[clima cálido-húmedo de Cuba]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sustainability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[architectural and urban design]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[indoor thermal environment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[energy consumption]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cuban warm and humid climate]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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