<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7507</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Estomatología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Estomatol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7507</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-75072019000100010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Cárie de radiação: efeitos da radioterapia na estrutura dentária]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Caries de radiación: efectos de la radiación en la estructura dental]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Radiation caries: effects of radiotherapy on dental structure]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Donato Duarte Filho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo Sérgio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrigues de Melo Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paula Fernanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azevedo Donato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lucio Flavio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frigo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lúcio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Youssef]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michel Nicolau]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Stefânia Jeronimo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Universitario ASCES-UNITA  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Pernambuco  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de São Paulo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-75072019000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-75072019000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-75072019000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO  Introdução: Pacientes submetidos à radioterapia para tratamento de neoplasias malignas na região de cabeça e pescoço são propensos a desenvolver complicações orais como a cárie de radiação, que evolui rapidamente e é altamente destrutiva.É reconhecido que o seu desenvolvimento está associado a alterações pós-radioterápicas nas glândulas salivares maiores, o que resulta em hipossalivação e alteração nos constituintes salivares. No entanto, tem sido aceito que danos diretos causados pela radiação à estrutura dentária podem acelerar a progressão da cárie e estudos têm demonstrado alterações morfológicas e físicas em dentes humanos após radioterapia.  Objetivo:  Propõe-se apresentar um caso de cárie de radiação e os efeitos diretos da radioterapia na estrutura dentária.  Relato de caso: Paciente masculino, 60 anos de idade, com queixa principal de &#8220;fragilidade dentária&#8221;; relatou história de carcinoma epidermóide em língua há 18 meses e que o protocolo de tratamento aplicado foi quimioterapia (38 sessões), radioterapia (38 sessões) e cirurgia. Ao exame físico, dentre as alterações observadas, destacou-se a presença de regiões cervicais dentárias enegrecidas com coroas bastante fragilizadas em todos os dentes remanescentes, características de cárie de radiação. Foi realizado um tratamento atraumático, que está em acompanhamento.  Conclusões: A cárie de radiação tem como principal fator etiológico alterações salivares qualitativas e quantitativas. A discussão sobre os efeitos diretos da radioterapia sobre a estrutura dentária ainda é bastante polêmica na literatura odontológica. Desta forma, sugere-se que mais estudos sejam realizados de forma sistemática, de maneira mais completa e padronizada.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: Los pacientes sometidos a radioterapia para el tratamiento de tumores malignos en la cabeza y el cuello son propensos a desarrollar complicaciones bucales, tales como caries de radiación que evoluciona rápidamente y es altamente destructiva. Se reconoce que el desarrollo se asocia con cambios posradioterapia en las glándulas salivales, que resulta en hiposalivación y el cambio en los componentes salivales. Sin embargo, se ha aceptado que los daños por radiación directa a la estructura dental puede acelerar la progresión de la caries y los estudios han demostrado cambios morfológicos y físicos en los dientes humanos después de la radioterapia.  Objetivo: presentar un caso de caries de radiación y los efectos directos de la radiación en la estructura dental.  Presentación del caso: Paciente masculino de 60 años de edad, se quejaba de "fragilidad dental", con historia notificada de carcinoma de células escamosas en la lengua hace 18 meses y con protocolo de tratamiento aplicado de quimioterapia (38 sesiones), terapia de radiación (38 sesiones) y cirugía. En el examen físico, de los cambios observados, se destacó la presencia de regiones cervicales dentarias negruzcas con coronas bastante frágiles en todos los dientes restantes, características de caries de radiación. El tratamiento atraumático se realizó y el paciente está bajo observación.  Conclusiones: los cambios cuantitativos y cualitativos salivales actúa como el factor causal principal de la caries por radiación. La discusión acerca de los efectos directos de la radiación sobre la estructura del diente es todavía muy controvertido en la literatura dental. Por lo tanto, se sugiere que se realicen estudios adicionales de manera sistemática, más completa y estandarizada.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: Patients undergoing radiotherapy as treatment for malignant head and neck tumors are prone to develop oral complications such as radiation caries, which evolves rapidly and is highly destructive. Such development is known to be caused by post-radiotherapy alterations in salivary glands resulting in hyposalivation and changes in salivary components. However, it has been accepted that damage by direct radiation to the dental structure may hasten the progress of caries development, and studies have shown the morphological and physical changes occurring in human teeth after radiotherapy.  Objective: Present a case of radiation caries and the direct effects of radiation on dental structure.  Case presentation: A 60-year-old male patient complains of "dental fragility". The patient was diagnosed with squamous-cell carcinoma of the tongue 18 months ago and indicated chemotherapy (38 sessions), radiotherapy (38 sessions) and surgery. Physical examination revealed among other changes the presence of blackish cervical areas with quite fragile crowns in all remaining teeth, which are characteristic of radiation caries. Non-traumatic treatment was performed and the patient is now under observation.  Conclusions: Salivary quantitative and qualitative changes are the main cause of radiation caries. Discussion about the direct effects of radiation on dental structure is still quite controversial in the literature on the topic. It is therefore suggested to conduct further studies in a more systematic, complete and standardized manner.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[câncer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[radioterapia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cárie dental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cáncer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[radioterapia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[caries dental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cancer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[radiotherapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dental caries]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beech]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porceddu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Batstone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dental management of patients irradiated for head and neck cancer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aust Dent J]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>20-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguiar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magalhães]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sensi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review of the biological and clinical aspects of radiation caries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Contemp Dent Pract]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>83-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of high energy X-ray irradiation on the nano-mechanical properties of human enamel and dentine]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Braz Oral Res]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gupta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rawat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grewal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chauhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Radiation-induced dental caries, prevention and treatment - A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Natl J Maxillofac Surg]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>160-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neiva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos-Filho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PCF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navaes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LZ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Ultimate Tensile Strength of Enamel and Dentin]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Res]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>159-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pfister]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spencer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brizel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burtness]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Busse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caudell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Head and neck cancers, Version 2 2014. Clinical practice guidelines in oncology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J NatlComprCancNetw]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1454-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Devi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dental care during and after radiotherapy in head and neck cancer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Natl J Maxillofac Surg]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>117-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gorski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Radiotherapy effect on nano-mechanical properties and chemical composition of enamel and dentine]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Oral Biol]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>690-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>de Sá Ferreira EM.Soares LE.Antunes HS.Uemura ST.da Silva Barbosa P.Salmon Jr</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[HA, et al Effect of therapeutic doses of radiotherapy on the organic and inorganic contents of the deciduous enamel: an in vitro study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Oral Invest]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1953-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giannini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ultimate tensile strength of tooth structures]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dent Mater]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>322-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nanci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ten Cate's oral histology: development, structure, and function. 8 ed. St]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Louis ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roscoe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raposo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LHA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quagliatto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of gamma irradiation and restorative material on the biomechanical behaviour of root filled premolars]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int Endod J]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1047-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fregnani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ER]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parahyba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morais-Faria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fonseca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PAM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Moraes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[IMRT delivers lower radiation doses to dental structures than 3DRT in head and neck cancer patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiat Oncol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>116</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
