<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7523</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Medicina]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Cuban de Med]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7523</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias MédicasEditorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-75232022000300017</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Influencia de la actividad física en los procesos cognitivos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Influence of physical activity on cognitive processes]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piñera Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor Julio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lisandra Aimé]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana &#8220;Victoria de Girón&#750; ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>61</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-75232022000300017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-75232022000300017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-75232022000300017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  Las bases del comportamiento humano y la capacidad de interacción con todo lo que está a su alrededor están fundamentadas en los mecanismos cognitivos. Profundizar en el estudio de los efectos de la actividad física sobre el rendimiento de los mismos posee gran relevancia.  Objetivo:  Describir la influencia de la actividad física en las funciones y habilidades cognitivas.  Métodos:  Se realizó un estudio de revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, Dialnet, PubMed, ERIC, SPORTDiscus y PsycINFO. Luego de aplicar criterios de inclusión/exclusión, fueron seleccionados 62 artículos.  Desarrollo:  Como respuesta al ejercicio físico, mejora el funcionamiento del metabolismo neuronal y mitocondrial a través de la regulación de vías vasculares, metabólicas e inflamatorias. La actividad física influye positivamente en la plasticidad sináptica, lo cual mejora la función visoespacial, la velocidad de procesamiento, la resolución de problemas, el rendimiento académico, la atención sostenida y la función ejecutiva.  Conclusiones:  La actividad física influye positivamente en el funcionamiento cerebral y, por tanto, en los procesos cognitivos. Una condición física óptima, así como niveles moderados y vigorosos de actividad física, tienen un impacto favorable en las funciones cognitivas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  The bases of human behavior and the ability to interact with the environment are based on cognitive mechanisms. Deepening the study of the effects of physical activity on their performance is highly relevant.  Objective:  To describe the influence of physical activity on cognitive functions and skills.  Methods:  A literature review was conducted in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, Dialnet, PubMed, ERIC, SPORTDiscus and PsycINFO. Once the inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, 62 articles were selected.  Development:  As a response to physical exercise, it improves the functioning of neuronal and mitochondrial metabolism through the regulation of vascular, metabolic, and inflammatory pathways. Physical activity has positive influence on synaptic plasticity, which improves visuospatial function, processing speed, solution of problems, academic performance, sustained attention, and executive function.  Conclusions:  Physical activity positively influences brain functioning and cognitive processes. Optimum physical condition, as well as moderate and vigorous levels of physical activity, have a favorable impact on cognitive functions.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ejercicio físico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[actividad motora]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cognición]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[procesos cognitivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[funciones cognitivas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[habilidades cognitivas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[physical exercise]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[motor activity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cognition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cognitive processes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cognitive functions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cognitive skills]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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