<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7531</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Pediatría]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Pediatr]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7531</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias MédicasEditorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-75312020000400008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda en niños: duración de la ventilación y supervivencia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Acute respiratory distress syndrome in children: duration of ventilation and survival]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santiago Rodríguez-Moya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Valentín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lissette del Rosario]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verdecia Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leonor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Casañas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elaine]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez Morejón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Amílcar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Docente &#8220;Martin Chan Puga&#8221; Departamento de Pediatría ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Camagüey ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Pediátrico &#8220;Juan Manuel Márquez&#8221; Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mayabeque ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas &#8220;Carlos J. Finlay&#8220; Departamento de Farmacología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Camagüey ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>92</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-75312020000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-75312020000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-75312020000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  El síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda es una enfermedad que cursa con hipoxemia severa, poco frecuente en las unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos, pero con elevada mortalidad.  Objetivo:  Determinar la relación entre variables demográficas y clínicas con la duración de la ventilación mecánica y la supervivencia en niños con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda.  Métodos:  Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes ingresados en 15 unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos, con diagnóstico de síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda. Se evaluaron variables demográ&#64257;cas, las formas clínicas del síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda, duración de la ventilación mecánica y la supervivencia. Las variables cualitativas se expresaron en valores absolutos y porcentajes, las variables cuantitativas se analizaron con la prueba ji-cuadrada de Pearson y comparación de medias.  Resultados:  Se registraron 282 pacientes, de ellos 63,7 % menores de seis años, el 54,4 % del sexo masculino y el 51,1 % de piel blanca. Las formas clínicas pulmonares prevalecieron (58,1 %) y se correlacionaron (p= 0,022) con la supervivencia, la mediana de la duración de la ventilación mecánica fue de 10 días. Existió relación (p= 0,000) entre la duración de la ventilación y la mortalidad. Se registró una mortalidad global de 40,78 %, (n= 115).  Conclusiones:  El síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda tiene mayor incidencia en los menores de seis años y en las formas clínicas pulmonares que se relacionan con una mayor supervivencia, la cual se eleva en la medida que aumentan los días de ventilación mecánica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: The acute respiratory distress syndrome is a disease that evolves with severe hypoxemia, and it is not frequent in pediatric intensive care units, but it has high mortality rates.  Objective: To determine the relation between demographic and clinical variables with the mechanical ventilation and survival in children with acute respiratory distress syndrome.  Methods: Retrospective study in patients admitted in 15 pediatric intensive care units with diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome. There was an assessment of the demographic variables, the clinical forms of this syndrome, the duration of mechanical ventilation and the survival rates. Qualitative variables were presented in absolute values and percentages, and were analyzed with the Pearson´s ji-square test and means comparison.  Results:  282 patients were recorded, 63.7% of them were under 6 years old, 54.4% were males and 51.1% were white. Pulmonary clinical forms prevailed (58,1%) and were correlated (p= 0,022) with the survival rates, and the mean of mechanical ventilation´s duration was of 10 days. There was relation (p= 0,000) between the duration of ventilation and mortality. It was recorded a total mortality of 40.78% (n= 115).  Conclusions:  Acute respiratory distress syndrome has higher incidence in children under 6 years and in the pulmonary clinical forms that are related with a higher survival, which increases in the same way that mechanical ventilation´s amount of days do.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hipoxemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[niños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[acute respiratory distress syndrome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hypoxemia, children]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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