<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0253-5785</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Centro Agrícola]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ctro. Agr.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0253-5785</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Feijóo, Universidad Central de Las Villas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0253-57852019000200093</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Microorganismos eficientes, propiedades funcionales y aplicaciones agrícolas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Efficient microorganisms, functional properties and agricultural applications]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tanya Morocho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariuxi]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leiva-Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH) Facultad de Zootecnia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Riobamba]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH) Facultad de Recursos Naturales Laboratorio de Fitopatología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Riobamba]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>93</fpage>
<lpage>103</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0253-57852019000200093&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0253-57852019000200093&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0253-57852019000200093&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Las producciones agrícolas limpias constituyen una prioridad en los programas de desarrollo de varios países. Los microorganismos eficientes (ME) desde la década de los 80 gracias a las investigaciones del científico Teruo Higa, profesor de horticultura de la Universidad de Ryukyus en Okinawa, Japón han demostrado ser una alternativa eficiente y sostenible en la producción de alimentos. El presente trabajo pretende desarrollar y sintetizar parte de la información publicada en los últimos 10 años relacionada con los ME, sus propiedades funcionales y aplicaciones agrícolas. Los ME agrupan una gran diversidad microbiana entre la cual encontramos: bacterias ácido lácticas, bacterias fotosintéticas, levaduras, actinomicetes y hongos filamentosos con capacidad fermentativa. Desde el punto de vista agrícola los ME promueven la germinación de semillas, favorecen la floración, el crecimiento y desarrollo de los frutos y permiten una reproducción más exitosa en las plantas. Adicionalmente se ha demostrado que mejoran la estructura física de los suelos, incrementan la fertilidad química de los mismos y suprimen a varios agentes fitopatógenos causantes de enfermedades en numerosos cultivos. Desde el punto de vista fisiológico se ha determinado que los ME incrementan la capacidad fotosintética de los cultivos, así como su capacidad para absorber agua y nutrientes. Además, mejoran la calidad y reducen los tiempos de maduración de abonos orgánicos, en particular, el composteo. Todos estos aspectos explican el incremento del rendimiento agrícola y el amplio uso de los ME así como productos derivados de estos como los bioles.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Clean agricultural production system currently is a priority in the agricultural development programs of several countries. The efficient microorganisms (EM) since the 80s thanks to research of the scientist Teruo Higa, professor of horticulture at the University of Ryukyus in Okinawa, Japan. He proved EM is an efficient and sustainable alternative in the production of food. The aim of this work is to develop and summarize part of published information in the last 10 years related with EM, their functional properties and agricultura applications. EM is a group of great microbial diversity among which: lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, yeasts, actinomycetes and filamentous fungi with fermentative capacity are distinguished. From an agricultural point of view, EM promotes the germination of seeds, flowering, growth and development of fruits and allows a more successful reproduction in plants. Additionally, it has been shown that they improve the physical structure of soils, increase their chemical fertility and suppress several plant pathogenic agents that cause diseases in numerous crops. From a physiological point of view, it has been determined that EM increases the photosynthetic capacity of crops, as well as up take of water and nutrients. Application of EM improves quality and reduces the maturation times of organic fertilizers, particularly compost. All these aspects explain the increase in agricultural yield and the widespread use of EMs as well as products derived from them such as bioles.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[abono orgánico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[agricultura sostenible]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biodiversidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nutrición]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[suelo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[organic fertilizer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sustainable agricultura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biodiversisty]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[soil]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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