<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0253-5785</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Centro Agrícola]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ctro. Agr.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0253-5785</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Feijóo, Universidad Central de Las Villas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0253-57852021000300060</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Progreso de las enfermedades roya parda y roya naranja de la caña de azúcar en Cuba]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Progress of brown rust and orange rust of sugarcane in Cuba]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aday-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Osmany de la Caridad]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montalván Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joaquín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado Padrón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puchades Izaguirre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yaquelin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Lema]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eida Luisa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Boyeros La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>60</fpage>
<lpage>70</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0253-57852021000300060&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0253-57852021000300060&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0253-57852021000300060&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN En Cuba, la roya parda de la caña de azúcar (Puccinia melanocephala) es una de las enfermedades más importantes y la roya naranja (Puccinia kuehnii) es considerada una enfermedad de peligro potencial. Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron: cuantificar el desarrollo de la roya parda y roya naranja; determinar la influencia de la época de plantación y la edad de las plantas en la severidad de la enfermedad; y el período durante el cual los niveles de ambas royas son altos. Se encontró que los meses de plantación tienen un efecto muy similar en la manifestación de los síntomas de ambas royas con mayor afectación en las plantaciones que se realizan de julio a diciembre y en el mes de abril. La severidad de la roya parda fue significativamente más alta desde los tres a los cinco meses de edad después de la plantación, sin embargo, en la roya naranja se mantiene por encima de la media observada hasta los seis meses. La severidad de la roya naranja se incrementa con la edad de las plantas en las plantaciones que se realizaron de enero a abril. A diferencia de la roya parda, independientemente de la edad de las plantas, la severidad de la roya naranja puede incrementarse cuando existen condiciones climáticas que le son favorables.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT In Cuba, sugarcane brown rust (Puccinia melanocephala) is one of the most important diseases and orange rust (Puccinia kuehnii) is considered a potentially dangerous disease. The objectives of the present investigation were: to quantify the development of brown and orange rust; to determine the influence of the planting time and age of the plants on the severity of these diseases; and the period in which the levels of both rusts are the highest. It was found that the months of planting have a very similar influence on the manifestation of the symptoms of both rusts with greater affectation in the plantations that were carried out from July to December and in the month of April. The severity of brown rust was significantly higher from three to five months of age after planting, however, in orange rust the severity remained above the average observed until seven months. The severity of orange rust increased with the age of the plants in the plantations that were carried out from January to April. Unlike brown rust, regardless of the age of the plants, the severity of orange rust can be increased when favorable environmental conditions exist.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Puccinia kuehnii]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Puccinia melanocephala]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[severidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Saccharum spp.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Puccinia kuehnii]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Puccinia melanocephala]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[severity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Saccharum spp.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ADAY-DÍAZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RODRÍGUEZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MONTALVÁN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estado de dispersión e incidencia de la roya naranja de la caña de azúcar en Cuba]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Centro Agrícola]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>61-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALFONSO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bases fitopatológicas para el control de la roya de la caña de azúcar en Cuba]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<page-range>95</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INICA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALFONSO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CORNIDE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANDOVAL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sistema Evaluativo de la Resistencia a las Principales Enfermedades dela Caña de Azúcar en Cuba. Roya (Puccinia melanocephala Sydow&amp; P. Sydow)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cuba &amp; Caña]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<numero>número especial</numero>
<issue>número especial</issue>
<page-range>33-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>CABI (INVASIVE SPECIES COMPENDIUM)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[P. kuehnii. Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Wallingford, UK ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CHAPOLA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HOFFMANN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MASSOLA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The reaction of sugarcane cultivars to orange rust (Puccinia kuehnii) and method for rapid identification of resistant cultivars]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tropical Plant Pathology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>139-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COMSTOCK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FERREIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sugarcane rust: factors affecting infection and symptom development]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceeding International Society Sugar Cane Technology]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>402-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COMSTOCK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OVALLE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CHAVARRÍA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La roya naranja de la caña de azúcar, una enfermedad emergente: su impacto y comparación con la roya marrón]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ciencia y Tecnología de los Cultivos Industriales]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>12-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COSTET]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LE-CUNFF]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ROYAERT]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Haplotype structure around Bru1 reveals a narrow genetic basis for brown rust resistance in modern sugarcane cultivars]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Theoretical and Applied Genetics]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>125</volume>
<page-range>825-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>EPPO (EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Distribución mundial de P. melanocephala]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HUBERT]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FOURRIER-JEANDEL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COSTET]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[First Report of Orange Rust caused by Puccinia kuehnii on sugarcane on the Island of Reunion]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plan Disease]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LA O]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PERERA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BERTANI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An overview of sugarcane brown rust in Cuba]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientia Agricola]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>233-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LEMOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GRADE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RUARO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reaction of sugarcane genotypes to brown and to orange rust by leaf whorl inoculation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ciencia Rural]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>4p</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MAGAREY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CROFT]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[WILLCOX]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An epidemic of orange rust on sugarcane in Australia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceeding International Society Sugar Cane Technology]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>410-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MAGAREY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NIELSEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MAGNANINI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Environmental requirements for spore germination in three sugarcane leaf pathogens]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceeding International Society Sugar Cane Technology]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>307-501</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PEIXOTO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CRESTE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LANDELL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genetic diversity among Puccinia melanocephala isolate from Brazil assessed using simple sequence repeat markers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Molecular Genetic Resources]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>7852-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PÉREZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Quantificação de parámetros monocíclicos da ferrugem alaranjada (Puccinia kuehnii) em cana de açúcar]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>53</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Piracicaba, Brazil ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade São Paulo, Escola Superior do Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>ProMED</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Orange rust, sugar cane - Mauritius]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RODRÍGUEZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RODRÍGUEZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALFONSO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FUENTES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enfermedades y Plagas]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANTANA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GONZÁLEZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GUILLÉN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CRESPO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Instructivo Técnico para el Manejo de la Caña de Azúcar]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<edition>2da Ed</edition>
<page-range>209-55</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ROTT]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KAYE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NARANJO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Controlling sugarcane diseases in Florida: a challenge in constant evolution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceeding International Society Sugar Cane Technology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>595-600</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANJEL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CHAULAGAIN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SMALL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of progress of brown rust and orange rust and conditions conducive for severe epidemic development during the sugarcane crop season in Florida]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Disease]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>103</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>825-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SHANER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FINNEY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the expression of slow-mildewing resistance in Knox wheat]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Phytopathology]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<page-range>1183-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TOWSEND]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HEUBERGER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Methods for estimating losses caused by diseases in fungicide experiments]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Disease Report]]></source>
<year>1943</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>340-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VALDÉS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ADAY-DÍAZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OCAÑA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Caracterización de la respuesta de cultivares de caña de azúcar a la roya naranja en casa de cultivo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biotecnología Vegetal]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>21-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
