<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0375-0760</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Med Trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0375-0760</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0375-07602020000300008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ventilación e intubación respiratoria como factores de riesgo para neumonía en un hospital del tercer nivel]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Respiratory ventilation and intubation as risk factors for pneumonia in a tertiary hospital]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roque-Roque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joel Sack]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira-Victorio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cesar Johan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cusco ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Continental  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0375-07602020000300008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0375-07602020000300008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0375-07602020000300008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  La neumonía asociada a la atención de salud empeora el pronóstico clínico del paciente y genera presión económica sobre los sistemas de salud.  Objetivo:  Determinar el riesgo de adquirir esta enfermedad en pacientes expuestos a ventilación/intubación y otros factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos.  Métodos:  Estudio transversal analítico. Población de estudio, pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital Nacional Adolfo Guevara Velazco del Cusco en el 2017. Se seleccionó una muestra conformada por dos grupos: con diagnóstico de neumonía y sin este. El tamaño de muestra calculado fue de 67 (15 grupo neumonía y 52 grupo no neumonía). El análisis inferencial se realizó en dos etapas, utilizando pruebas de contraste de hipótesis y luego regresión logística. Se recogieron factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos de cada paciente.  Resultados:  La mayoría de pacientes correspondió al sexo femenino (53,7 %). La mediana de edad fue de 70,6 años. El servicio de unidad de cuidados intensivos tuvo la mayor proporción de casos (42,9 %). Se encontró asociación significativa con el uso de ventilación/ intubación y, además con los factores extrínsecos como traqueostomía, aspiración de secreciones, nutrición enteral y transfusión sanguínea. Ninguno de los factores intrínsecos tuvo asociación significativa en el análisis bivariado. En el análisis de regresión logística los pacientes sometidos a ventilación/intubación tuvieron 5,27 veces el riesgo de contraer neumonía y los pacientes sometidos a transfusión sanguínea tuvieron 12,75 veces el riesgo.  Conclusiones:  Los pacientes expuestos a ventilación/intubación tuvieron mayor riesgo de desarrollar neumonía asociada a la atención de salud. La transfusión sanguínea también fue un factor asociado.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Healthcare-associated pneumonia worsens the clinical prognosis of patients and exerts economic pressure on health systems.  Objective:  Determine the risk for healthcare-associated pneumonia among patients exposed to ventilation / intubation and other intrinsic and extrinsic factors.  Methods:  An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted of the patients admitted to Adolfo Guevara Velazco National Hospital in Cusco in the year 2017. A sample was chosen which was composed of two groups: with and without a pneumonia diagnosis. The estimated sample size was 67 (15 in the pneumonia group and 52 in the non-pneumonia group). Inferential analysis was performed along two stages, using hypothesis contrast tests followed by logistic regression. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors were collected for each patient.  Results:  Most patients were female (53.7%). Mean age was 70.6 years. The intensive care unit service had the highest proportion of cases (42.9%). A significant association was found with the use of ventilation / intubation, as well as with extrinsic factors such as tracheostomy, secretions aspiration, enteral nutrition and blood transfusion. None of the intrinsic factors had a significant association in the bivariate analysis. In the logistic regression analysis, patients subjected to ventilation / intubation had 5.27 times the risk of contracting pneumonia, whereas patients subjected to blood transfusion had 12.75 times the risk.  Conclusions:  Patients exposed to ventilation / intubation were at greater risk of developing healthcare-associated pneumonia. Blood transfusion was another associated factor.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumonía asociada a la atención médica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[intubación intratraqueal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[respiración artificial, factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[healthcare-associated pneumonia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[intratracheal intubation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[artificial respiration]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk factors]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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