<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0375-0760</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Med Trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0375-0760</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0375-07602022000300003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Extended-spectrum and AmpC ß-lactamases screening and antibiotic resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolated from urine]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis de las ß-lactamasas de espectro extendido y tipo AmpC y el perfil de resistencia a antibióticos de Escherichia coli aisladas de orina]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Luna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tejada Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mena Lora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfredo José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz Guzmán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jennifert]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lisbette Abreu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Olga]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Noemí]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvia Calo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Santo Domingo]]></addr-line>
<country>Dominican Republic</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Illinois at Chicago  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Estados Unidos de América</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0375-07602022000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0375-07602022000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0375-07602022000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern since infections by resistant pathogens are associated with higher mortality and morbidity.  Objective: To assess the prevalence of Escherichia coli isolates producing extended-spectrum and AmpC beta-lactamase (ESBL) in urine samples from patients at the Hospital Metropolitano de Santiago in Dominican Republic.  Methods: Pathogen identification and antibiogram were carried out by the automated systems BD Phoenix or Microscan®. General information and past medical history were gathered from patients with a positive urine culture for E. coli. Manual ESBL/AmpC screening was performed with the commercial ESBL+AmpC screen disc kit from Liofilchem Laboratory, Italy.  Results: One or both of the studied phenotypes were present in 36% of the analyzed isolates. Among the risk factors for the detection of E. coli producing ESBL and/or AmpC in urine were male gender, advanced age, placement of urinary catheter, arterial hypertension, neoplasms, and coexistence of two or more comorbidities. Apart from cephalosporins resistance, isolates producing ESBL and/or AmpC also showed higher resistance to other antibiotics, such as gentamicin (66.7%), ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin (83.3%), and ampicillin (91.7%). Furthermore, 85% of the ESBL/AmpC producing samples were multidrug resistant (resistant to 1 or more drugs in at least 3 different antibiotic categories).  Conclusions: The high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance found in this study highlights the importance of implementing national and global measures to tackle the problem, especially in developing countries such as the Dominican Republic, where resources are scarce.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: La resistencia antimicrobiana es un grave problema global, pues las infecciones causadas por patógenos resistentes están asociadas con una mayor mortalidad y morbilidad.  Objetivos: Analizar la prevalencia de aislados de Escherichia coli productores de &#946;-lactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE) y tipo AmpC procedentes de muestras de orina de pacientes del Hospital Metropolitano de Santiago en la República Dominicana.  Métodos: La identificación del patógeno y el antibiograma fueron llevados a cabo mediante los sistemas automáticos BD Phoenix o Microscan®. Se recolectó información general y la historia médica de pacientes con un cultivo de orina positivo para E. coli. La detección de BLEE/AmpC se realizó de manera manual con el estuche comercial ESBL+AmpC de Liofilchem Laboratory, de Italia.  Resultados: Un 36 % de las muestras analizadas mostraron uno o ambos fenotipos estudiados. Como factores de riesgo para la detección en orina de E. coli productoras de BLEE o AmpC se encontraron: sexo masculino, edad avanzada, colocación de un catéter urinario, hipertensión, neoplasmas y coexistencia de comorbilidades. Además de resistencia a las cefalosporinas, los aislados productores de BLEE y AmpC revelaron también elevada resistencia a otros antibióticos como gentamicina (66,7 %), ciprofloxacina y levofloxacina (83,3 %), y ampicilina (91,7 %). Un 85,0 % de las muestras productoras de BLEE/AmpC fueron multidrogorresistentes.  Conclusiones: La elevada prevalencia de resistencia antimicrobiana encontrada en este estudio refleja la importancia de tomar medidas nacionales y globales para contener el problema, especialmente en países en desarrollo como República Dominicana, donde los recursos son escasos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[urine culture Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ESBL]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[AmpC]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[multidrug resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cultivo de orina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[BLEE]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[AmpC]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[multidrogorresistencia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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