<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0375-0760</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Med Trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0375-0760</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0375-07602023000300002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Epidemiología de las aguas residuales: un desafío desde el ámbito ambiental y sanitario]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Wastewater epidemiology: an environmental and health challenge]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salas Mendoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arroyo Salgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bárbara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tejeda Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lesly]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Cartagena Facultad de Medicina Grupo de investigaciones biomédicas, toxicológicas y ambientales (BIOTOXAM)]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0375-07602023000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0375-07602023000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0375-07602023000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: El SARS-CoV-2, agente etiológico de la pandemia de COVID-19, es un coronavirus que se transmite a través de las secreciones respiratorias y las gotitas de saliva de las personas infectadas por el virus. Estudios recientes muestran la presencia de ARN en heces, incluso cuando el agente viral ha desaparecido de las muestras respiratorias. Un evento que está ganando mucha atención, si tenemos en cuenta que las aguas residuales albergan una gran variedad de virus patógenos y la comunidad científica trata de descifrar el riesgo potencial que genera la transmisión del SARS-CoV-2 a través de las aguas residuales.  Objetivo: conocer el enfoque de la epidemiología de aguas residuales o epidemiología basada en residuos, utilizada con éxito para la búsqueda y seguimiento de agentes virales clínicamente importantes y su consecuente información, para generar alertas tempranas de brotes en las comunidades.  Metodología: se utilizaron las palabras claves &#8220;epidemiología de las aguas residuales&#8221;, SARS-CoV-2, &#8220;COVID-19&#8221;, &#8220;Coronavirus&#8221; y las bases de datos: Science direct, Scopus, PubMed, Clinical Key y Medline.  Resultados: Es vital iniciar búsquedas activas de SARS-CoV-2, y sus principales variantes en medios acuáticos, constituyéndose estas matrices, como una esperanza en el control temprano no invasivo de la pandemia.  Conclusiones: El uso de la epidemiología basada en aguas residuales como herramienta para estudiar el comportamiento del SARS-CoV-2 y sus variantes en las poblaciones ayudará a reducir el grado de diseminación de la enfermedad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, is a coronavirus that is transmitted through respiratory secretions and saliva droplets of people infected with the virus. Recent studies show the presence of RNA in feces, even when the viral agent has disappeared from respiratory samples. An event that is gaining a lot of attention, if we take into account that wastewater harbors a wide variety of pathogenic viruses and the scientific community tries to decipher the potential risk generated by the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through wastewater.  Objective: Therefore, this review aims to know the approach of wastewater epidemiology or residue-based epidemiology, used successfully for the search and monitoring of clinically important viral agents and their consequent information, to generate early outbreak alerts in communities.  Methodology: For this purpose, the keywords "epidemiology of wastewater", SARS-CoV-2, "COVID-19", "Coronavirus" and the databases: Science direct, Scopus, PubMed, Clinical Key and Medline were used.  Results: It is vital to start active searches for SARS-CoV-2, and its main variants in aquatic environments. Constituting these matrices, as a hope in the non-invasive early control of the pandemic.  Conclusions: The use of wastewater-based epidemiology as a tool to study the behavior of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants in populations will help reduce the degree of dissemination of the disease.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Epidemiología de las aguas residuales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[evaluación de riesgos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vigilancia, salud pública]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Wastewater-based epidemiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk assessment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Surveillance, public health]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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