<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0864-0300</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomédicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0864-0300</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ECIMED]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0864-03002020000300017</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Remoción de hidróxido de calcio del canal radicular con irrigación manual, sónica y ultrasónica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Calcium hydroxide removal from the root canal by manual, sonic and ultrasonic irrigation]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega-Marcich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Macarena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pilar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sebastián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jofré]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Brenda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaple-Gil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alain Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mauricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Andrés Bello Facultad de Odontología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana Facultad de Ciencias Médicas &#8220;Victoria de Girón&#8221; Departamento de Estomatología General e Integral]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Chile Facultad de Odontología Departamento de Odontología Restauradora]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Chile Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Chile Facultad de Odontología Departamento de Prótesis Odontológica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0864-03002020000300017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0864-03002020000300017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0864-03002020000300017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: Resulta fundamental la remoción por completo del hidróxido de calcio previo a la obturación del canal radicular que podría impedir la penetración de los selladores en los túbulos dentinarios.  Objetivo:  Determinar la efectividad de la eliminación de la medicación con hidróxido de calcio del canal radicular de dientes utilizando diferentes sistemas de irrigación.  Métodos:  Se irrigaron con hipoclorito de sodio 148 conductos radiculares rectos de dientes humanos. Se utilizó Ca(OH)2 mezclado con tinta negra para rellenar los canales radiculares y facilitar la visualización. Los dientes se dividieron en 5 grupos de acuerdo al protocolo de eliminación. En cada uno de los grupos, la extrusión apical se midió durante la etapa de irrigación por el método Huang X, después de la eliminación del Ca(OH)2, se seccionaron longitudinalmente y luego, en un portaobjetos, se observaron las muestras bajo un microscopio óptico. Finalmente, se analizó el contenido para cuantificar el grado de extrusión causado durante el procedimiento clínico. Se utilizó el test de ANOVA para el análisis estadístico  Resultados:  Se encontró diferencias significativas entre los grupos 1-2, 1-3, 1-4 y 1-5. El promedio de remanecía fue superior (66,4 %). Los grupos 2 (41,6 %) y 5 (34,8 %) obtuvieron mayor eficacia en la remoción. ANOVA (&#945; = 0,05) determina que no existieron diferencias significativas entre los 5 grupos.  Conclusiones:  Los dispositivos de activación ultrasónica mostraron una mayor eliminación de la medicación con hidróxido de calcio desde las paredes dentinarias a las técnicas manuales, sin embargo, demostró ser una terapia más invasiva debido a una mayor extrusión de detritus.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: Root canal sealing should indispensably be preceded by complete calcium hydroxide removal, otherwise the latter might prevent the penetration of the sealers into the dentinal tubules.  Objective:  Determine the effectiveness of eliminating calcium hydroxide medication from the root canal of teeth using various irrigation systems.  Methods:  Preparation was conducted of 148 straight root canals of human teeth irrigating with sodium hypochlorite. The root canals were filled with Ca(OH)2 mixed with black ink to facilitate visualization. The teeth were divided into 5 groups in compliance with the removal protocol. Apical extrusion was measured in each group during the irrigation stage using the Huang X method. After Ca(OH)2 removal they were sectioned longitudinally and placed on a slide for observation of the samples under an optical microscope. Finally the content was analyzed to quantify the degree of extrusion obtained during the clinical procedure. The ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis.  Results:  Significant differences were found between the groups 1-2, 1-3, 1-4 and 1-5. Average remanence was above 66.4%. Groups 2 (41.6%) and 5 (34.8%) displayed higher removal efficacy. ANOVA (&#945; = 0.05) did not determine any significant differences between the 5 groups.  Conclusions:  Ultrasonic activation obtained greater calcium hydroxide removal from the dentinal walls than manual techniques. However, it proved to be a more invasive therapy due to the greater detritus extrusion.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hidróxido de calcio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[irrigación terapéutica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[endodoncia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[calcium hydroxide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[therapeutic irrigation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[endodontics]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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