<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0864-084X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nucleus]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nucleus]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0864-084X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CUBAENERGIA]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0864-084X2018000100012</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Clustering in light nuclei and their effects on fusion and pre-equilibrium processes]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Agrupamiento de núcleos ligeros y sus efectos en la fusión y procesos de pre-equilibrio]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gramegna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabiana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cicerchia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Magda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tommaso]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cinausero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fabris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mantovani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giorgia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collazuol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gianmaria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mengoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniele]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Degerlier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Meltem]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luca]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bruno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mauro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[D&#8217;Agostino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barlini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maurizio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camaiani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pasquali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriele]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piantelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giovanni]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pastore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giuseppe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gruyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ottanelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pietro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdrè]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Simone]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nicla]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olmi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alessandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poggi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giacomo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lombardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ivano]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dell&#8217;aquila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniele]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cieplicka-Orynczak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natalja]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fornal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bogdan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colonna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ono]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Akira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Legnaro]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Padova Physics and Astronomy Department ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,INFN Padova  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,NevsehirHaciBektasVeli University Science and Art Faculty Phys. Dept]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Nevsehir]]></addr-line>
<country>Turkey</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,GANIL  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>France</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Bologna INFN Bologna and Physics and Astronomy Department ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,INFN Firenze  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af8">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Firenze Physics and Astronomy Department ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af9">
<institution><![CDATA[,INFN Catania  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A10">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universit`a di Napoli Federico II Dipartimento di Fisica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>France</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A11">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Milano Physics and Astronomy Department ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A12">
<institution><![CDATA[,Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences Krakow  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Poland</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A13">
<institution><![CDATA[,INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A14">
<institution><![CDATA[,Tohoku University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Sendai]]></addr-line>
<country>Japan</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>63</numero>
<fpage>12</fpage>
<lpage>18</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0864-084X2018000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0864-084X2018000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0864-084X2018000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary The study of heavy ion nuclear reactionis an important tool to observe and disentangle different and competing mechanisms, which may arise in the different energy regimes. In particular, at relatively low bombarding energy, it is quite interesting the comparison between pre-equilibrium and thermal emission of light charged particles from hot nuclear systems [1-6]. Indeed, the nuclear structure of the interacting partners can be strongly correlated to the dynamics, especially at energies close to the Coulomb barrier, and this effect emerges when some nucleons or clusters of nucleons are either emitted or captured. In particular, a major attention has been devoted, in the last years, to the possible observation of cluster structure effects in the competing nuclear reaction mechanisms, especially when fast processes are involved. At this purpose, the four reactions 16O+30Si at 111 MeV, 16O+30Si at 128 MeV, 18O+28Si at 126 MeV, 19F+27Al at 133 MeV have been measured to study the onset of pre-equilibrium in an energy range where, for central collisions, complete fusion is expected to be the predominant mode. Experimental data were collected using the GARFIELD + RCo array [7], fully equipped with digital electronics at the LegnaroNational Laboratories. The comparison between experimental data and different model predictions have been performed: in particular, both dynamical models based either on Stochastic Mean Field (TWINGO) or Anti-symmetrized Molecular Dynamics and fully statistical models (GEMINI++) have been considered. Simulated events are filtered through a software replica of the apparatus, to take into account all possible distortions of the experimental distributions due to the finite size of the apparatus.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El estudio de la reacción nuclear iónica pesada es una herramienta importante para observar y esclarecer los diferentes mecanismos que compiten entre sí, que pueden surgir en los diferentes regímenes energéticos. En particular, a una energía de bombardeo relativamente baja, es bastante interesante la comparación entre el preequilibrio y la emisión térmica de partículas ligeras cargadas por sistemas nucleares calientes [1-6]. De hecho, la estructura nuclear del grupo que interactúa puede estar fuertemente correlacionada con la dinámica, especialmente en energías cercanas a la barrera de Coulomb, y este efecto surge cuando se emiten o capturan algunos nucleones o grupos de nucleones. En particular, se ha dedicado una gran atención, en los últimos años, a la posible observación de los efectos de la estructura del agrupamiento en los mecanismos de reacción nuclear competitivos, especialmente cuando se trata de procesos rápidos. Para este propósito, las cuatro reacciones 16O + 30Si a 111 MeV, 16O + 30Si a 128 MeV, 18O + 28Si a 126 MeV, 19F + 27Al a 133 MeV se han medido para estudiar el inicio del preequilibrio en un rango de energía en el cual, para colisiones centrales, se espera que la fusión completa sea el modo predominante. Los datos experimentales se recogieron utilizando la matriz GARFIELD + RCo [7], totalmente equipada con electrónica digital en los Laboratorios Nacionales Legnaro. La comparación entre los datos experimentales y las diferentes predicciones de modelos se han llevado a cabo: en particular, se han considerado los modelos dinámicos basados en el Campo Medio Estocástico (TWINGO) o Dinámica Molecular Antisimétrica y modelos completamente estadísticos (GEMINI ++). Los eventos simulados se filtran a través de una réplica de software del aparato, para tener en cuenta todas las posibles distorsiones de las distribuciones experimentales debido al tamaño finito del aparato.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[heavy ion reactions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[experimental data]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[light nuclei]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[HAUSER-FESHBACH theory]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[energy spectra]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reacciones de iones pesados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[datos experimentales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[núcleos ligeros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[teoría de HAUSER-FESHBACH]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[espectros de energía]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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