<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0864-084X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nucleus]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nucleus]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0864-084X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CUBAENERGIA]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0864-084X2019000100028</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The association of dosimetric quantities from computed tomography with operational factors: basis for optimization strategies]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Asociación de magnitudes dosimétricas de tomografía computarizada con factores operacionales: bases para estrategias de optimización]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miller Clemente]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marlén]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Oriente Centro de Biofisica Medica Group of Radiation Medical Physics. Biophysics Dept]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago de Cuba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Central &#8216;Marta Abreu&#8217; Electric Engineering Faculty ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Las Villas Santa Clara]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>65</numero>
<fpage>28</fpage>
<lpage>31</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0864-084X2019000100028&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0864-084X2019000100028&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0864-084X2019000100028&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Clinical Computed Tomography (CT) imaging is supported by a patient - technology - observers system. Such system involves dosimetric quantities associated with image quality descriptors, where operational factors are predictors. Knowledge of quantitative association between CT dosimetric and image quality quantities with systemic factors, provides the basis to devise scanner-specific optimization strategies. Kerma indexes were measured with a pencil ionization chamber free in air C  a,100 and in phantom C  pmma,x (x changes into c and p for center and periphery respectively). Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) standard phantoms were used (diameters of 16 and 32 cm). Several operational factors of a Siemens Sensation 64 Cardiac were considered: estimated spectrums, tube potential F  8 (80 - 140 kV), tube current x time product F  1 (40 - 350 mAs) and total collimation at isocenter F  3 (2,7 - 19,2 mm). The water equivalent radius R  w , an important factor for patient Size Specific Dose Estimators (SSDE), was estimated by taking into account the spectrums in each phantom. Average pixel noise was measured from Regions of Interest (ROIs) in water phantoms with radius of 2,5; 3; 6; 8 and 11,5 cm. A linear association was found between C  pmma,p and C  pmma,c . A dose reduction of C  pmma,c = 2 mGy per tube rotation can be obtained from data analysis (head mode), with F  1 = 50 mAs, F  3 = 19,2 mm, resulting in average pixel noise of 20 Hounsfield Units (HU). Knowledge of noise association with C  pmma,c provides a straightforward tool for quantitative optimization, considering a systemic approach, which includes patient - technology - observer factors.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La tomografía computarizada (TC) clínica se basa en un sistema paciente - tecnología - observador. Dicho sistema incluye magnitudes dosimétricas asociadas a descriptores de calidad, donde los factores operacionales son predictores. Conocer la asociación cuantitativa entre magnitudes dosimétricas y de calidad de imagen con factores sistémicos, provee la base para concebir estrategias de optimización específicas por tomógrafo. Se midieron índices de kerma en aire C  a,100 y en maniquí C  pmma,x (x cambia a c y p para centro y periferia respectivamente) con una cámara de ionización tipo lápiz. Se utilizaron maniquíes de Polimetil Metacrilato (PMMA) con diámetros de 16 y 32 cm. Se consideraron factores operacionales de un equipo Siemens Sensation 64 Cardiac: espectros estimados, tensión del tubo F  8 (80 - 140 kV), producto corriente x tiempo de exposición F  1 (40 - 350 mAs) y colimación total en isocentro F  3 (2,7 - 19,2 mm). El radio agua-equivalente R  w es un factor importante para Estimadores de Dosis Específicos del paciente (SSDE), se estimó teniendo en cuenta el espectro en cada maniquí. El ruido promedio de píxel se midió en regiones de interés (ROIs) de imágenes de maniquíes de agua con radios de 2,5; 3; 6; 8 y 11,5 cm. Se encontró una asociación lineal entre C  pmma,p y C  pmma,c . Se describe una reducción de dosis a C  pmma,c = 2 mGy por rotación del tubo mediante el análisis de datos (modo cabeza), con F  1 = 50 mAs, F  3 = 19,2 mm, resultando en un ruido promedio de píxel de 20 Unidades Hounsfield (UH).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[optimization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dosimetry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[X-ray spectra]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[computerized tomography]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[image processing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[optimización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dosimetría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[espectros de rayos X]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tomografía computarizada]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tratamiento de imágenes]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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