<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0864-2176</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Oftalmología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Oftalmol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0864-2176</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0864-21762021000200018</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Impacto de la inteligencia artificial en la cirugía de catarata desde una perspectiva social]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Social impact of artificial intelligence on cataract surgery]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iván]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Taimi]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología &#8220;Ramón Pando Ferrer&#8221;  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0864-21762021000200018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0864-21762021000200018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0864-21762021000200018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El presente trabajo aborda el uso de la inteligencia artificial en la cirugía de catarata y la incursión de Cuba en este campo. La inteligencia artificial tiene como objetivo dotar a un agente con la capacidad de tomar decisiones correctas. Dentro de los campos de la inteligencia artificial se encuentra el aprendizaje de máquinas cuyo propósito es entrenar a las computadoras para aprender de un conjunto de datos las decisiones que han de tomar, dada una situación específica. Uno de los métodos más utilizados para el entrenamiento y el aprendizaje de máquinas es el desarrollo de redes neuronales artificiales. Desde un enfoque social, se explica cómo la influencia sobre el resultado visual que puede lograrse con esta tecnología repercute en el individuo y la sociedad, y se resaltan las ventajas y las desventajas de su utilización.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The study addresses the use of artificial intelligence in cataract surgery and Cuba's incorporation into this field. The purpose of artificial intelligence is to develop agents with the ability to take appropriate decisions. One of the branches of artificial intelligence is machine learning, whose aim is to train computers to draw from a set of data the decisions to be taken in response to a specific situation. One of the most common methods in machine training and learning is the development of artificial neural networks. A social explanation is provided of the effect of the visual outcomes obtained by this technology on the individual and society, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of its use.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Inteligencia artificial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cirugía de catarata]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sociedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Artificial intelligence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cataract surgery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[society]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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