<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1025-028X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Vaccimonitor]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Vaccimonitor]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1025-028X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Finlay Ediciones]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1025-028X2021000300125</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Association of IL-1&#946; +3954 G&gt;A and IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphisms in congenital toxoplasmosis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Asociación de polimorfismos de IL-1&#946; +3954 G&gt;A e IL-6-174 G/C en la toxoplasmosis congénita]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nuha M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jasim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hameed M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Al-Muthana University College of Science ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Iraq</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Al-Nahrain University College of Biotechnology ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Iraq</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>125</fpage>
<lpage>132</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1025-028X2021000300125&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1025-028X2021000300125&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1025-028X2021000300125&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Toxoplasmosis is caused by infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, that has the capacity to infect all warm-blooded animals worldwide. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the distribution of genotypes and alleles in miscarriages woman as a result of Toxoplasma gondii infection associated with interleukin-1&#946; and interleukin-6 polymorphisms. A total of 125 miscarriage women suspected of toxoplasma infection and 50 healthy pregnant without previous miscarriage as control were enrolled in this study. The cases were screened for anti-toxoplasma IgM and IgG by ELISA test. Among the 125 miscarriage women, only 50 were positive to anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies. The present study focused on assay the genotypes at IL-6 -174 G/C and IL-1&#946; +3954 G&gt;A to establish the associations between genetic polymorphisms and infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Results showed that the altered IL-1&#946; GA, AA genotypes were high significant elevated in miscarriage women with toxoplasmosis (P=0.03), OR = 10 and 95% confidence intervals (1.32-81.48); (P=0.0007), OR = 0.07 and 95% confidence interval (0.01-0.32). The genotype GC at IL-6 (G/C) appears to be highly correlated with infection (P=0.01); OR = 3.18 and 95% confidence interval, (1.22- 8.30). In terms of allelic heterogeneity, C alleles were significantly more common in infected than uninfected cases for IL-6, while A allele is common in IL-1&#946; single nucleotide polymorphisms (P =0.050). Furthermore, this study demonstrates that there is a strong and highly significant association between two forms of single nucleotide polymorphisms and the increased risk for toxoplasmosis. Genotypes of these polymorphism should be considered when evaluating genetic e&#64256;ects on toxoplasmosis incidence. However, to improve the prediction of this disease predisposition, a further study based on a larger cohort of patients is warranted.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La toxoplasmosis es causada por la infección con el parásito protozoario Toxoplasma gondii, que tiene la capacidad de infectar a todos los animales de sangre caliente en todo el mundo. El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar la distribución de genotipos y alelos en mujeres con abortos espontáneos como resultado de la infección por Toxoplasma gondii asociada con polimorfismos de interleucina 1&#946; e interleucina 6. Se inscribieron en este estudio un total de 125 mujeres con aborto espontáneo sospechosas de infección por toxoplasma y 50 embarazadas sanas, sin aborto espontáneo previo, como control. Los casos se examinaron para detectar IgM e IgG anti-toxoplasma mediante la prueba ELISA. Entre las 125 mujeres que sufrieron un aborto espontáneo, solo 50 fueron positivas a anticuerpos IgG e IgM anti-Toxoplasma gondii. El presente estudio se centró en analizar los genotipos de IL-6-174 G/C e IL-1&#946; +3954 G&gt;A para establecer las asociaciones entre polimorfismos genéticos e infección por Toxoplasma gondii. Los resultados mostraron que los genotipos alterados de IL-1&#946; GA, AA fueron significativamente elevados en mujeres con aborto espontáneo con toxoplasmosis (P = 0,03), OR = 10 e intervalos de confianza del 95% (1,32-81,48); (P = 0,0007), OR = 0,07 e intervalo de confianza del 95% (0,01-0,32). El genotipo GC de IL-6 (G/C) parece estar altamente correlacionado con la infección (P = 0.01); OR = 3,18 e intervalo de confianza del 95%, (1,22- 8,30). En términos de heterogeneidad alélica, los alelos C fueron significativamente más comunes en los casos infectados que en los no infectados para la IL-6, mientras que el alelo A es común en los polimorfismos de nucleótido simple de IL-1&#946; (P = 0.050). Además, este estudio demuestra que existe una asociación fuerte y altamente significativa entre dos formas de polimorfismos nucleótido simple y el mayor riesgo de toxoplasmosis. Se deben considerar los genotipos de estos polimorfismos al evaluar los efectos genéticos sobre la incidencia de la toxoplasmosis. Sin embargo, para mejorar la predicción de esta predisposición a la enfermedad, se justifica un estudio adicional basado en una cohorte más grande de pacientes.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Toxoplasma gondii]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Single nucleotide polymorphisms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genotype]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Toxoplasma gondii]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[genotipo]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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