<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1028-4818</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Multimed]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Multimed]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1028-4818</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Provincial de Información de Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1028-48182020000400853</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores socio-ambientales de riesgo de malnutrición por defecto]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Socio-environmental risk factors for malnutrition by defect]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Fatores de risco socioambientais para desnutrição por defeito]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez Hidalgo.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María del Rosario]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdés Madrigal.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Idalmis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Fonseca.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Zulin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leyva Fonseca.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dayana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueroa Rodríguez.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma Hospital Provincial Pediátrico General Luis Ángel Milanés Tamayo ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bayamo Granma]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Provincial de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bayamo Granma]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>853</fpage>
<lpage>869</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1028-48182020000400853&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1028-48182020000400853&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1028-48182020000400853&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico, tipo caso-control, no pareado, para identificar los factores socio-ambientales de riesgo de malnutrición por defecto en niños menores de 5 años pertenecientes a los consultorios # 5 y 6, del Policlínico &#8220;13 de Marzo&#8221;, Bayamo, Granma, durante Marzo de 2018 a Marzo de 2019. Universo: 148 niños de esos consultorios, con edades comprendidas entre 3 meses y 4 años, 11 meses y 29 días. Por muestreo aleatorio se seleccionaron 31 casos (desnutridos) y 93 controles (eutróficos), en proporción 1:3. Previo consentimiento, y a partir de revisión documental y entrevistas a madres, informantes claves de la comunidad y equipos de salud, se estudiaron variables maternas y familiares. Se calculó el odds ratio, con sus intervalos de confianza; se determinó chi cuadrado y la fracción atribuible en expuestos. Se trabajó con una confiabilidad de 95%. Resultados: Los hábitos dietéticos inadecuados, la deficiente cultura sanitaria, el bajo per cápita, la disfunción familiar, la desvinculación laboral, el inadecuado desempeño en el cuidado de los hijos, la familia no nuclear y la baja escolaridad, estuvieron significativamente asociados a la desnutrición infantil. Los cinco primeros fueron los factores que más aportaron a la aparición de desnutrición energo-nutrimental en la población investigada. Conclusiones: Los factores socio-ambientales de riesgo de malnutrición por defecto en los niños estudiados coincidieron, mayoritariamente, con la hipótesis enunciada y la bibliografía revisada.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT An analytical observational, case-control type study, not paired, was carried out to identify the socio-environmental risk factors for malnutrition due to defect in children under 5 years old, belonging to offices # 5 and 6, of the "13 de Marzo" Polyclinic, Bayamo, Granma, from March 2018 to March 2019. Universe: 148 children from these clinics, aged between 3 months and 4 years, 11 months and 29 days. 31 cases (malnourished) and 93 controls (eutrophic) were selected by random sampling, in a 1: 3 ratio. With prior consent, and based on a documentary review and interviews with mothers, key informants from the community and health teams, maternal and family variables were studied. Odds ratio was calculated, with its confidence intervals; chi square and the attributable fraction in exposed were determined. A 95% reliability was used. Results: Inadequate dietary habits, poor health culture, low per capita, family dysfunction, job separation, inadequate performance in childcare, the non-nuclear family and low schooling were significantly associated with malnutrition. childish. The first five were the factors that contributed most to the appearance of energy-nutritional malnutrition in the investigated population. Conclusions: The socio-environmental risk factors for malnutrition due to defect in the children studied largely coincided with the stated hypothesis and the revised bibliography.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO Foi realizado um estudo observacional analítico, do tipo caso-controle, não pareado, para identificar os fatores de risco socioambientais para desnutrição por defeito em crianças menores de 5 anos, pertencentes aos consultórios nº 5 e 6 da Policlínica "13 de Marzo" , Bayamo, Granma, de março de 2018 a março de 2019. Universo: 148 crianças dessas clínicas, com idades entre 3 meses e 4 anos, 11 meses e 29 dias. Foram selecionados 31 casos (desnutridos) e 93 controles (eutróficos) por amostragem aleatória, na proporção de 1: 3. Com consentimento prévio e com base em uma revisão documental e entrevistas com as mães, informantes-chave da comunidade e equipes de saúde, foram estudadas variáveis &#8203;&#8203;maternas e familiares. A razão de chances foi calculada, com seus intervalos de confiança; o quadrado do qui e a fração atribuível na exposição foram determinados. Foi utilizada uma confiabilidade de 95%. Resultados: hábitos alimentares inadequados, má cultura de saúde, baixa per capita, disfunção familiar, separação de trabalho, desempenho inadequado na assistência à infância, família não nuclear e baixa escolaridade foram significativamente associados à desnutrição. infantil. Os cinco primeiros foram os fatores que mais contribuíram para o aparecimento de desnutrição energético-nutricional na população investigada. Conclusões: Os fatores de risco socioambientais para desnutrição por defeito nas crianças estudadas coincidiram principalmente com a hipótese estabelecida e com a bibliografia revisada.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Malnutrición por defecto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desnutrición proteico-calórica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desnutrición infantil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Malnutrition by default]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Protein-caloric malnutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Child malnutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Desnutrição por padrão]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Fatores de risco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Desnutrição proteína-calórica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Desnutrição infantil]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz Bernés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
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<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intervención educativa en el estado nutricional y conocimiento sobre alimentación y actividad física en escolares]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Enferm Inst Mex Seguro Soc]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>37-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
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</article>
