<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1028-4818</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Multimed]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Multimed]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1028-4818</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Provincial de Información de Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1028-48182023000100032</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad, complicada con empiema pleural]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia complicated by pleural empyema]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Fatores de Risco para Pneumonia Adquirida na Comunidade Complicada por Empiema Pleural]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elías González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camejo Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yanet de los Ángeles]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerra Calunga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Malien]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Glenis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorente Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mairelys]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma Hospital Provincial Pediátrico Docente &#8220;General Milanés&#8221; ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bayamo Granma]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1028-48182023000100032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1028-48182023000100032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1028-48182023000100032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  la neumonía es la principal causa de derrame pleural (DP) en los niños. Un elevado número de los pacientes ingresan a las unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos con derrame pleural paraneumónico (DPP), terminando en el empiema pleural.  Objetivo:  identificar los factores de riesgo que influyen de forma independiente en la aparición de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad, complicada con empiema pleural.  Métodos:  se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de casos y controles, se seleccionaron 30 casos y 90 controles. Con una proporción de 1:3. Se realizó el análisis estadístico univariado y multivariado.  Resultados:  en el análisis univariado, la edad menor de 5 años y el sexo masculino se mostraron sin influencia estadísticamente significativa, mientras que el multivariado mostró que el factor con independencia más importante fue el uso previo de antimicrobiano (OR 6,329 ajustado IC 95% 2,764-8,678), seguido del diagnóstico tardío (OR ajustado 5,492IC 95% 2,559-8,522) y la presencia de comorbilidad (OR ajustado 4,341 IC 95% 2,321&#8722;7,529) de manera similar.  Conclusiones: los factores de mayor riesgo que contribuyeron al riesgo de desarrollar la neumonía complicada con empiema pleural fueron el uso previo de antimicrobiano, el diagnóstico tardío de empiema y la presencia de comorbilidad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: pneumonia is the main cause of pleural effusion (PE) in children. A high number of patients enter pediatric intensive care units with parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE), ending in pleural empyema.  Objective:  to identify the risk factors that independently influences the occurrence of community-acquired pneumonia, complicated by pleural empyema.  Methods:  an analytical observational study of cases and controls was carried out, 30 cases and 90 controls were selected. With a ratio of 1:3. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis was performed.  Results: in the univariate analysis, age under 5 years and male sex showed no statistically significant influence, while the multivariate analysis showed that the most important independent factor was the previous use of antimicrobial (OR 6.329 adjusted CI 95% 2.764-8.678), followed by late diagnosis (adjusted OR 5.492 CI 95% 2.559-8.522) and the presence of comorbidity (adjusted OR 4.341 CI 95% 2.321&#8722;7.529) similarly.  Conclusions:  the highest risk factors that contributed to the risk of developing pneumonia complicated with pleural empyema were previous use of antimicrobials, late diagnosis of empyema, and the presence of comorbidity.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO  Introdução:  A pneumonia é a principal causa de derrame pleural (DP) em crianças. Um número elevado de pacientes é admitido em unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica com derrame pleural parapneumônico (DPP), terminando em empiema pleural.  Objetivo:  Identificar os fatores de risco que influenciam independentemente a ocorrência de pneumonia adquirida na comunidade complicada por empiema pleural.  Métodos:  Foi realizado um estudo observacional analítico caso-controle, selecionados 30 casos e 90 controles. Com uma proporção de 1:3. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas univariada e multivariada.  Resultados:  Na análise univariada, idade menor de 5 anos e sexo masculino não foram estatisticamente significativos, enquanto a análise multivariada mostrou que o fator independente mais importante foi o uso prévio de antimicrobianos (OR ajustado 6,329 IC 95% 2,764-8,678), seguido pelo diagnóstico tardio (OR ajustado 5,492 IC 95% 2,559-8,522) e presença de comorbidade (OR ajustado 4,341 IC 95% 2,321&#8722;7, 529) da mesma forma.  Conclusões:  Os maiores fatores de risco que contribuíram para o desenvolvimento de pneumonia complicada com empiema pleural foram o uso prévio de antimicrobianos, o diagnóstico tardio de empiema e a presença de comorbidade.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Neumonía complicada]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Empiema pleural]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Complicated pneumonia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pleural empyema]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Fatores de risco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Pneumonia complicada]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Empiema pleural]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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