<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1029-3019</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[MEDISAN]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[MEDISAN]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1029-3019</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Provincial de Información de Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1029-30192021000200319</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica en niños y adolescentes]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pneumonia associated with the mechanical ventilation in children and adolescents]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Céspedes Floirian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borrego Fornaris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dámaris Lisset]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polanco Chong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto Gustavo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Juy Aguirre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elisa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Sugve]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lisbety]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas Hospital Infantil Norte Docente Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago de Cuba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>319</fpage>
<lpage>331</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1029-30192021000200319&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1029-30192021000200319&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1029-30192021000200319&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  La neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica es una infección, que se relaciona con los cuidados sanitarios.  Objetivo:  Caracterizar clínica y epidemiológicamente a niños y adolescentes con neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica, según variables seleccionadas.  Método:  Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 36 pacientes con neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica, ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Infantil Norte Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero del 2017 hasta diciembre del 2018.  Resultados:  Se halló un predominio de los pacientes menores de 5 años de edad (80,6 %), del sexo masculino (66,7 %), la ventilación mecánica prolongada (69,4 %) y las neumonías asociadas a la ventilación de aparición tardía relacionadas con la mortalidad. Los microorganismos más frecuentes resultaron ser los gramnegativos. La combinación de cefalosporinas y vancomicina fue la más utilizada.  Conclusiones:  La evolución de los pacientes dependió del tiempo de inicio, el microorganismo predominante y el tratamiento antimicrobiano empleado.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  The pneumonia associated with the mechanical ventilation is an infection that is related to the sanitary cares.  Objective:  To characterize clinical and epidemiologically children and adolescents with pneumonia associated with the mechanical ventilation, according to selected variables.  Method:  A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 36 patients with pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation admitted in the Intensive Cares Unit of Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira Northern Children Hospital; was carried out in Santiago de Cuba, from January, 2017 to December, 2018.  Results:  There was a prevalence of the patients under 5 years (80.6 %), the male sex (66.7 %), the long lasting mechanical ventilation (69.4 %) and pneumonias associated with the ventilation of late appearance related to mortality. The most frequent microorganisms were the Gram negative. The combination of cephalosporins and vancomycin were the most used.  Conclusions:  The clinical course of the patients depended on the time of beginning, the predominant microorganism and the antimicrobial treatment used.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[niño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[adolescente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumonía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ventilación mecánica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microorganismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[child]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[adolescent]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pneumonia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mechanical ventilation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microorganism]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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