<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1029-3043</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicentro Electrónica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Medicentro Electrónica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1029-3043</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1029-30432021000100022</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Incidencia de náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios en anestesia general para cirugía electiva]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients who receive general anesthesia for elective surgery]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez Hurtado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lester M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nieto Monteagudo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos G]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Caballero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dayana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nieto Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gretter E]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salgado Carbajal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Danay]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Osmany]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Dr. Celestino Hernández Robau  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Clara Villa Clara]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Ginecobstétrico Mariana Grajales  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Clara Villa Clara]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Clínico-Quirúrgico Arnaldo Milián Castro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Clara Villa Clara]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>22</fpage>
<lpage>37</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1029-30432021000100022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1029-30432021000100022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1029-30432021000100022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  las náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios se sitúan como la peor experiencia del paciente junto al dolor y el despertar intraoperatorio.  Objetivo:  determinar la incidencia de náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios en pacientes que reciben anestesia general para cirugía electiva.  Métodos:  se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal en 2 334 pacientes desde enero de 2013 a diciembre de 2018, en el Hospital Universitario Clínico-Quirúrgico Arnaldo Milián Castro y el Hospital Universitario Dr. Celestino Hernández Robau, de Santa Clara. Se estudiaron las variables: sexo, edad, tabaquismo, antecedentes de cinetosis, náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios, agentes anestésicos y halogenados empleados, uso de opiodes perioperatorios, tipo de intervención quirúrgica según estancia hospitalaria y tratamiento al sitio quirúrgico, tiempo quirúrgico y aparición de náuseas y vómitos en las primeras 24 horas del postoperatorio.  Resultados:  la incidencia de náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios fue de 15,9%, con predominio en el sexo femenino, en pacientes menores de 50 años de edad, los no fumadores, los que presentaban antecedentes de náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios o cinetosis, en los que se utilizó agentes halogenados y opiodes postoperatorios, en cirugía no ambulatoria y de enfoque convencional, y en los pacientes con tiempos quirúrgicos iguales o mayores a una hora.  Conclusiones:  la incidencia de náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios fue baja y se estableció una probabilidad de náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios desde ningún factor hasta 7 factores de riesgo de: 5,5 %, 6,9 %, 13,3 %, 29,7 %, 40 %, 50 %, 60 % y 71,4 %, respectivamente.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  postoperative nausea and vomiting rank as the worst patient experience along with pain and intraoperative awakening.  Objective:  to determine the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients who receive general anesthesia for elective surgery.  Methods:  an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in 2 334 patients belonging to &#8220;Arnaldo Milián Castro&#8221; Clinical and Surgical University Hospital and &#8220;Dr. Celestino Hernández Robau&#8221; University Hospital from Santa Clara between January 2013 and December 2018. Gender, age, smoking, history of motion sickness, postoperative nausea and vomiting, anesthetic and halogenated agents used, use of perioperative opioids, type of surgical intervention according to hospital stay and treatment at the surgical site, surgical time and appearance of nausea and vomiting in the first 24 hours after surgery were the variables studied.  Results:  the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was 15.9%, with a predominance in female patients under 50 years of age, non-smokers, those with a history of postoperative nausea and vomiting or motion sickness, in which halogenated agents and postoperative opioids were used, in non-ambulatory surgery and conventional approach, and in patients with surgical times equal to or greater than one hour.  Conclusions:  the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was low and a probability of postoperative nausea and vomiting was established from no factor to 7 risk factors with percentage values: 5.5%, 6.9%, 13.3%, 29.7%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 71.4%, respectively.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[complicaciones posoperatorias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[náusea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vómitos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[anestesia general]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[postoperative complications]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nausea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vomiting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[anesthesia, general]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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