<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1560-4381</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Correo Científico Médico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[ccm]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1560-4381</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Ciencias Médicas de Holguín]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1560-43812020000100117</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Afecciones respiratorias y contaminación ambiental en Riobamba, Ecuador]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Respiratory conditions and environmental pollution in Riobamba, Ecuador]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montero López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Izaida Lis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vinueza Veloz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Fernanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruano Ipiales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego Stewart]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martín Barceló]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nayela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo Facultad de Salud Pública ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>117</fpage>
<lpage>132</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1560-43812020000100117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1560-43812020000100117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1560-43812020000100117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: las afecciones respiratorias debidas a la contaminación ambiental han aumentado en los últimos años en Riobamba; donde más de la mitad se desarrollaron en el sector urbano.  Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre la contaminación ambiental y las afecciones respiratorias.  Métodos: se realizó un estudio de casos y controles; mediante muestreo no probabilístico se determinaron 2 grupos poblacionales de dos sectores de Riobamba, Ecuador, mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario. El grupo A (casos) expuesto a la alta afluencia vehicular y el grupo B (control) expuesto a una menor afluencia vehicular. Cada grupo con 110 personas. La investigación se realizó durante diciembre 2018-enero 2019. Se utilizó &#967;2 en SPSS versión 24, con un nivel de significación de 5%.  Resultados: las mujeres representaron el 60,91%, repartidas en el grupo A (58,18%) y en el grupo B (63,64%); los hombres representaron el 32,73% y 36,36%, respectivamente, sin asociación significativa con los grupos de estudio (&#967;2=0,03; p=0,95). Solo se estudiaron 10 niños y adolescentes para un 4,55% del total de 220 personas. No se encontró asociación del sexo y la afectación respiratoria. Las mujeres afectadas con procesos respiratorios eran 55,22% y los hombres eran 48,68% (&#967;2=0,83; p=0,36). El grupo A, tuvo 68,18% que presentaron afecciones respiratorias, mientras el grupo B presentó 40%. Se encontró una asociación significativa entre las afecciones respiratorias y los grupos de residencia y entre las afecciones respiratorias y el tiempo de exposición.  Conclusiones: se encontró una asociación entre la contaminación vehicular y el riesgo de padecer de afecciones respiratorias.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  respiratory diseases due to environmental pollution have increased in recent years in Riobamba, where more than half developed in the urban sector.  Objective:  to determine the relation between environmental pollution and respiratory conditions.  Methods:  a case-control study was conducted; through non-probability sampling, 2 population groups from two sectors of Riobamba, Ecuador, were established by means of a questionnaire. Group A (cases), exposed to high vehicle traffic and group B (control ), exposed to lower vehicle traffic. Each group had 110 people. The research was conducted between December 2018 and January 2019. &#967;2 was used in SPSS version 24, with a significance level of 5%.  Results:  women represented 60.91%, distributed in group A (58.18%) and in group B (63.64%); men represented 32.73% and 36.36%, respectively, without significant association with the study groups (&#967;2 = 0.03; p = 0.95). Only 10 children and adolescents were studied, representing 4.55% of the 220 people. There was not association between gender and respiratory desease. The women affected with respiratory processes were 55.22% and the men were 48.68% (&#967;2 = 0.83; p = 0.36). Group A had 68.18% who showed respiratory conditions, while group B presented 40%. A significant association was found between respiratory conditions and the residence groups, and between respiratory conditions and exposure time.  Conclusions:  an association between vehicle contamination and the risk of suffering from respiratory conditions was found.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedad respiratoria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[polución]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[contaminación ambiental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[respiratory disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pollution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[environmental pollution]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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