<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1561-3194</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Ciencias Médicas]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1561-3194</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1561-31942020000300022</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Consideraciones sobre el manejo de vía aérea y ventilación en el paciente crítico con la COVID-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Airway management and ventilation considerations in the critically-ill patient with the COVID-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vitón Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adrián Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rego Ávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Heidy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ariel Efraín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río Facultad de Ciencias Médicas &#8220;Dr. Ernesto Che Guevara de la Serna&#8221; ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pinar del Río ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río Hospital General Docente &#8220;Abel Santamaría Cuadrado&#8221; ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pinar del Río ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Linstead Public Hospital Servicio de Medicina Interna/Intensiva ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Jamaica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1561-31942020000300022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1561-31942020000300022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1561-31942020000300022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  el manejo de la vía aérea y la ventilación artificial juega un papel indispensable para mantener las funciones vitales en el paciente crítico, en los infectados por la COVID-19 este manejo posee peculiaridades específicas.  Objetivo:  Describir el manejo de la vía aérea en el paciente crítico con la COVID-19  Métodos:  se realizó una revisión de la literatura, mediante artículos recuperados en MEDLINE, Scopus, ClinicalKey y ScienceDirect publicados hasta mayo de 2020.  Desarrollo:  la oxigenoterapia resulta útil para mantener niveles de saturación de oxígeno superiores al 96 % en estadios poco avanzados; mediante los sistemas de oxigenación convencional, y la cánula nasal de alta frecuencia. La traqueostomía precoz se debe realizar en pacientes estables con baja demanda de oxígeno en los que se prevea ventilación mecánica prolongada; y en pacientes con la COVID-19 positivos 14 días posteriores al inicio de la intubación orotraqueal. La ventilación mecánica no invasiva mostró menor tasa de intubación con respecto a otras variantes de oxigenación. Se deben configurar parámetros óptimos, teniendo en cuenta las particularidades del paciente.  Conclusiones:  la intubación se debe realizar mediante una secuencia de inducción rápida, minimizando el tiempo de exposición, la realización de la traqueostomía es de preferencia tardía en el paciente infectado, y la ventilación mecánica no invasiva debe realizarse evitando al máximo la aerosolización. En la ventilación mecánica invasiva resultan útiles estrategias de protección pulmonar, disminución de volúmenes corrientes individualizada a las características y fenotipos del paciente; presión meseta y presión de distensión deseados y la utilización de la ventilación en decúbito prono.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  airway management and artificial ventilation play an indispensable role in maintaining vital functions in the critically-ill patient, in those infected with the COVID-19 this management has specific particularities.  Objective:  to describe airway management in the critically-ill patient with the COVID -19  Methods:  a medical literature review was conducted, using articles retrieved from MEDLINE, Scopus, ClinicalKey and ScienceDirect published up to May 2020.  Development:  oxygen therapy is useful for maintaining oxygen saturation levels above 96% in the less advanced stages; using conventional oxygenation systems and high frequency nasal cannula. Early tracheostomy should be performed in stable patients with low oxygen demand where prolonged mechanical ventilation is expected; and in patients with confirmed COVID-19, 14 days after the starting of orotracheal intubation. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation showed a lower intubation rate than other oxygenation variants. Optimal parameters should be set, taking into account the different characteristics of the patient.  Conclusions:  intubation should be performed through a rapid induction sequence, minimizing exposure time, tracheostomy is preferably performed late in the infected patient, and non-invasive mechanical ventilation should be performed avoiding aerosolization as much as possible. In invasive mechanical ventilation, strategies for lung protection, reduction of tidal volumes individualized to the characteristics and phenotypes of the patient, desired plateau pressure and distension pressure along with the use of prone ventilation are useful.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[CORONAVIRUS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[VENTILACIÓN MECÁNICA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[TRAQUEOTOMÍA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[UNIDAD DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[OXIGENOTERAPIA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CORONAVIRUS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[MECHANICAL VENTILATION]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[TRACHEOTOMY]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[INTENSIVE CARE UNIT]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[OXYGEN THERAPY]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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