<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1561-3194</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Ciencias Médicas]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1561-3194</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1561-31942023000400010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Técnicas preventivas para un adecuado cuidado bucal en niños de la escuela Julio Moreno Espinosa, Ecuador]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Preventive techniques for an adequate oral care in children of the Julio Moreno School Espinosa, Ecuador]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo-Pilco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Génesis Damaris]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mera-Villarreal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela Jamileth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Armijos-Moreta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gavilánez-Villamarín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvia Marisol]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1561-31942023000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1561-31942023000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1561-31942023000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: tener una buena salud bucal es importante desde los primeros años de vida del niño, esto consiste en tener una correcta higiene, controles periódicos, alimentación adecuada, no consumir dulces en exceso, esto ayudará a evitar problemas bucales en la adolescencia y la adultez.  Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de conocimiento de padres con niños de tres a cinco años sobre higiene bucal y técnicas preventivas.  Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y de corte transversal en padres con niños de tres a cinco años sobre higiene bucal y técnicas preventivas, período septiembre a noviembre de 2022. El universo estuvo constituido por 50 padres, la muestra quedó constituida por 39.  Resultados:  Se obtuvo que el 62 % de los padres conoce cuáles son las pastas dentales adecuadas para sus hijos, el 21 % no conoce y el 18 % no sabe mucho del tema. Un 95 % de los padres reconoce que es importante acudir periódicamente a consulta de odontología y un 5 % no cree que sea necesario en edades tan tempranas. Se pudo constatar que el 74 % de los padres supervisan el cepillado a sus hijos tres veces al día, un 3 % no lo hace y un 23 % lo hace a veces.  Conclusiones: educar a los niños hacia una buena salud bucal esprimordial para prevenir caries y otras enfermedades. Con la orientación adecuada, adoptarán progresivamente hábitos y conductas encaminadas hacia la salud como parte de su rutina diaria.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Introduction: good oral health is important from the important from the first years of a child's life. This consists in having a correct hygiene, periodical controls, adequate nutrition, not consuming sweets in excess, this will help to avoid oral problems in adolescence and adulthood. Objective: to evaluate the level of knowledge of parents with children from three to five years old about oral hygiene and preventive techniques. Methods: an observational, descriptive cross-sectional, descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study of parents with children from 3 to 5 years of age children from three to five years of age on oral hygiene and preventive techniques, from September to November 2022. The universe was constituted by 50 parents, the sample was constituted by 39, obtained by simple random sampling and the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were obtained from a survey elaborated for this purpose. The data were tabulated using Microsoft Excel in percentages. Results: It was found that 62 % of the parents know which toothpastes are suitable for their children, 21 % do not know which toothpastes are suitable for their children, 21 % do not know what toothpastes are suitable for their children, and 18 % do not know much about and 18 % do not know much about it. Ninety-five percent of the parents recognize that it is important to visit the dentist periodically and 5 % do not think it is necessary at such an early age. necessary at such an early age. It was found that 74 % of the parents supervise their children's brushing parents supervise the brushing of their children three times a day, 3 % do not do it and 23 % do it sometimes. Conclusions: educating children towards good oral health is paramount to prevent caries and other diseases. With proper guidance, they will progressively adopt habits and behaviors health-oriented habits and behaviors as part of their daily routine.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[SALUD BUCAL]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[PREVENCIÓN]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[CARIES]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[TÉCNICAS.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ORAL HEALTH]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PREVENTION]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CARIES]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[TECHNIQUES.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Section On Oral Health. Maintaining and improving the oral health of young children. Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>134</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1224-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Inocente-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pachas-Barrionuevo F de]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educación para la Salud en Odontología.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Estomat Herediana]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>232-41.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saavedra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NB.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educación para la conservación de la salud bucal.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Odont Mex]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>228-32.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhi.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Oral health management for children]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>465-8.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[Consecuencias del mal cuidado bucodental y cómo evitarlas, Consejos]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Odontomecum Blog]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lebrun-Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vodicka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kinsman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SB.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oral Health Among Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>148</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghandour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hirai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kenney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs: A Profile.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>149</volume>
<numero>^sSuppl 7</numero>
<issue>^sSuppl 7</issue>
<supplement>Suppl 7</supplement>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kenney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chanlongbutra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fanflick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systems of care among children and youth with special health care needs with and without adverse childhood events: National Survey of Children&#8217;s Health 2016-2017.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Disabil Health J]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>101226</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okunseri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzalez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hodgson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Children&#8217;s Oral Health Assessment, Prevention, and Treatment.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Clin North Am]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1215-6.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kagihara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niederhauser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment, management, and prevention of early childhood caries.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Acad Nurse Pract]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-10.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yost]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Promoting oral health from birth through childhood: prevention of early childhood caries.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Menguez Becerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sexto Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Beriau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Programa educativo sobre salud bucal para madres con niños en edad preescolar.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MEDISUR]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Higiene oral para niños: Empezar pronto y bien, todo Papás.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<page-range>1-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rabaldo Bottan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bez Birolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia da Silveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eger Schmitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BH.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Conhecimento de mães de diferentes classes sociais sobre saúde bucal no município de Cocaldo Sul (SC).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[RSBO Rev Sul-Bras Odontol.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>287-95.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
