<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1608-8921</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta Médica Espirituana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac Méd Espirit]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1608-8921</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spíritus]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1608-89212021000200053</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Epidemiología de la morbilidad psiquiátrica en el Ecuador]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Epidemiology of psychiatric morbidity in Ecuador]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edison Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vicente Parada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Benjamín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Docente Calderón  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Quito ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Concepción Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>53</fpage>
<lpage>65</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1608-89212021000200053&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1608-89212021000200053&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1608-89212021000200053&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Fundamento:  La presencia cada vez más creciente de personas con trastornos psiquiátricos atendidas en servicios de salud públicos del Ecuador, suscita el desarrollo de estudios epidemiológicos que permitan conocer cómo se distribuyen estos trastornos entre los diferentes grupos, para una planificación adecuada de servicios de salud mental; sin embargo, existen estudios disponibles con diferencias en el diseño, los instrumentos y la selección de la muestra, que afectan los resultados y sus conclusiones, como son el subregistro y el sobre diagnóstico de trastornos mentales.  Objetivo:  Analizar diferencias metodológicas entre los estudios de morbilidad psiquiátrica en población general, asimismo, los diferentes resultados obtenidos de estas investigaciones.  Metodología:  Estudio comparativo de investigaciones de morbilidad psiquiátrica en población general, basado en el análisis de publicaciones durante el período 2000 al 2019 en el Ecuador.  Resultados:  Se registraron trece estudios, cuatro encuestas y dos estudios nacionales sobre consumo de drogas, uno de prevalencia psiquiátrica, y seis de tamizaje de trastornos mentales, en poblaciones con edades de 13 a 75 años. Los instrumentos más utilizados fueron de tamizaje y la clasificación diagnóstica más utilizada fue el Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales, cuarta versión (DSM-IV). La prevalencia empleada fue, puntual, último mes, anual y de vida. Los trastornos más frecuentes fueron la ansiedad, la depresión, el trastorno estrés postraumático y el de comportamiento debido al consumo de drogas.  Conclusiones:  Los estudios de morbilidad psiquiátrica realizados en Ecuador, son heterogéneos en el empleo de instrumentos, sujetos y cálculo de la muestra, así como sus resultados, por lo que es pertinente el desarrollo de investigaciones de este tipo, que se ajusten a la realidad y recursos del país, y que sus hallazgos, sean de utilidad en la planificación de servicios y políticas de salud mental en el Ecuador.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Background:  The growing presence of people with psychiatric disorders assisted in public health services in Ecuador, promotions the development of epidemiological studies that allow to know how these disorders are distributed among unlike groups, so for an adequate planning of mental health services; however, there are available studies with differences in the design, instruments and sample selection, which affect the results and conclusions, such as under-registration and over-diagnosis of mental disorders.  Objective:  To analyze methodological differences between studies of psychiatric morbidity of overall population, as well as the unlike results obtained from these investigations.  Methodology:  Comparative study of psychiatric morbidity research of overall population, based on the analysis of publications from 2000 to 2019 in Ecuador.  Results:  Thirteen studies were registered, four surveys and two national studies on drug use, one on psychiatric prevalence, and six on screening for mental disorders, in populations aged 13 to 75 years. Screening instruments were used the most, the same for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as the diagnostic classification, fourth version (DSM-IV). The prevalence used was point prevalence, last month, annual and of lifetime. The most frequent disorders were anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress and behavior due to drug use.  Conclusions:  The studies on psychiatric morbidity conducted in Ecuador are heterogeneous in the use of instruments, subjects and sample calculation, as well as their results, so it is pertinent to develop researches from this nature adjusted to the country´s reality and resources, consequently, its findings be useful for the planning of mental health services and policies in Ecuador.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Morbilidad psiquiátrica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[prevalencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trastornos mentales y epidemiología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[asistencia social en psiquiatría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ecuador y epidemiología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Psychiatric morbidity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[prevalence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mental disorders and epidemiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social work psychiatric]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ecuador and epidemiology]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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