<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1684-1824</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Médica Electrónica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev.Med.Electrón.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1684-1824</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1684-18242022000200413</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Reflexiones sobre bioética médica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Reflections on medical bioethics]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesa-Trujillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daisy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinosa-Ferro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yairelys]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Mesa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Israel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Dirección Municipal de Salud  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Los Palacios Pinar del Río]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Policlínico Docente Elena Fernández Castro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Pinar del Río]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Pinar del Río]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>413</fpage>
<lpage>424</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1684-18242022000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1684-18242022000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1684-18242022000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La bioética, disciplina que ha avanzado extraordinariamente durante los últimos veinte años, está relacionada con todo lo concerniente a la salud humana, y se considera un tema de creciente valor público a medida que se acentúa el cariz tecnológico y político de la medicina. Este trabajo pretende exponer los principales temas que abarca la bioética en las ciencias de la salud. Se hizo una revisión de la bioética desde un enfoque sociológico-preventivo en la atención primaria de salud -su escenario principal-, espacio que permite comprender la naturaleza peculiar de los problemas bioéticos y la forma de atenderlos, lo que constituye un imperativo que pone a tono con la realidad un debate científico y profesional, que compromete todo el destino de la práctica médica. Se logró resumir aspectos relacionados con la historia de la bioética y el tratamiento que esta disciplina brinda a determinados aspectos médicos en el adulto mayor, en niños con necesidades especiales, en genética médica, en investigaciones científicas, y en el contexto de la COVID-19. Se evidenció que la actuación de los profesionales de la salud está encaminada a la protección integral de la salud de individuos, familias y comunidades con un enfoque preventivo desde la atención primaria.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Bioethics, a discipline that has advanced extraordinarily during the last twenty years, is associated to everything related to human health, and is considered a topic of increasing public value as the technological and political aspect of medicine is accentuated. This paper aims to expose the main topics covered by bioethics in the health sciences. A review of bioethics was made from a sociological-preventive approach in primary health care-its main setting-, scenery to understand the peculiar nature of bioethical problems and how to deal with them, an imperative that brings into line with reality a scientific and professional debate, which compromises the whole fate of medical practice. It was possible to summarize aspects related to the history of bioethics and the treatment that this discipline provides to certain medical aspects in the elderly, in children with special needs, in medical genetics, in scientific research, and in the context of COVID-19. It was shown that the actions of health professionals are aimed at the comprehensive protection of the health of individuals, families and communities with a preventive approach from primary care.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bioética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ética médica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[autonomía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bioethics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[medical ethics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[autonomy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrer-Negrón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identidad y estatuto epistemológico de la Bioética]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Latinoamericana de Bioética]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eusebi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dignidad humana y bioética. Sobre los riesgos relativos al reiterado &#8220;derecho&#8221; a morir]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medicina]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>119-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van-Rensselaer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bioethics: bridge to the future]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Englewood Cliffs, NJ ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Prentice-Hall Pu]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noa-Pelier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vila-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La bioética en Medicina Física y Rehabilitación]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Med Fís Rehabilit]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Izaguirre-Remón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brizuela-Arcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nuevo-Pí]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aproximaciones filosóficas al problema de la bioética médica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Multimed]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gracia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El qué y el por qué de la bioética. Cuadernos del Programa Regional de Bioética]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<page-range>35-54</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, DC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OPS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lantigua-Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintana-Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Introducción a la genética médica]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carmona-Ferrer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rubio-Olivares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Chisholm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bioética y rehabilitación geriátrica]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Evento Virtual Científico Cultural &#8220;Profesor Andux In Memoriam&#8221;]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fairchild]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haghdoost]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bayer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ethics of public health surveillance: new guidelines. Comment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Lancet Public Health]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Papakonstantinou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kolettis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Investigational Therapies and Patients&#8217; Autonomy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Can J Bioeth]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>115-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llanes-Betancourt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geriatría. Temas para enfermería. Cap. 18. Ética y adulto mayor]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibáñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pina-Escudero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Possin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dementia caregiving across Latin America and the Caribbean and brain health diplomacy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet Healthy Longev]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>e222-e31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>The Lancet Neurology</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Who has a dementia plan, now we need action]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Lancet Neurology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>571</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesa-Trujillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinosa-Ferro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Mesa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Propuesta de intervención educativa sobre maltrato infantil en un centro de enseñanza especial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cienc Méd Pinar Río]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>633-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas-Betancourt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marcheco-Teruel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Normas éticas para la realización de pruebas predictivas en los servicios de genética médica en Cuba]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Sal Públ]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>331-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Abreu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laucirica-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llanes-Llanes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La ética, la bioética y la investigación científica en salud, complementos de un único proceso]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Méd Electrón]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kotalik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Medical Assistance in Dying: Challenges of Monitoring the Canadian Program]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Can J Bioeth]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>202-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neuroética: relaciones entre mente/cerebro y moral/ética]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Neurol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>103</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>The Lancet Neurology</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A neuroethics round up]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Lancet Neurology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas. Biblioteca Médica Nacional</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bioética y COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bibliodir]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bellver-Capella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Problemas bioéticos en la prestación de los cuidados enfermeros durante la pandemia del COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Index Enferm]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bellver-Capella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bioética, derechos humanos y COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cuad Bioet]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>102</numero>
<issue>102</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Duarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaufer-Horwitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar-Salinas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bioética en la investigación de la pandemia por la COVID-19: desafíos y estrategias]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Invest Clin]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Katib]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical Research Authorships: Ethics and Problem-Solving]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Can J Bioeth]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>118-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pullman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In a Familiar Voice: The Dominant Role of Women in Shaping Canadian Policy on Medical Assistance in Dying]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Can J Bioeth]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>11-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
