<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1684-1859</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Informática Médica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[RCIM]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1684-1859</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1684-18592018000200014</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Metodología y sistemas para meta-análisis de ensayos clínicos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Methodology and systems for meta-analysis of clinical trials]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viada Gonzalez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fors López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martha]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballesteros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez Cardona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frías Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aliuska]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lázara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Inmunología Molecular (CIM)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Las Américas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Quito ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del País Vasco  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bilbao ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1684-18592018000200014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1684-18592018000200014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1684-18592018000200014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  Frecuentemente la información médica sobre determinado aspecto clínico, es tan poco clara y contradictoria, que en ocasiones el profesional de la salud no tiene el tiempo o la orientación para poder analizarla en su totalidad, y poder así aprovecharla en su real magnitud.  Objetivo:  Revisar la metodología y los sistemas que existen para realizar meta-análisis de ensayos clínico. Métodos: Se ha revisado el proceso de análisis de esos conocimientos, llamado meta-análisis; éste es un estudio sistemático, cualitativo y cuantitativo de un grupo de informes o artículos de investigación, generalmente enfocado al análisis de un aspecto clínico.  Resultados:  En este artículo de revisión, se muestra cómo se diseña, se ejecuta y reporta el meta-análisis, así como los pasos para la realización del meta-análisis. Discusión: Se resumen y se comparan los sistemas que más se utilizan para realizar meta-análisis.  Conclusiones:  Con este trabajo se conocen que los análisis de sensibilidad, acumulado y de sesgo de publicación no pueden faltar para un meta-análisis, así los sistemas donde poder realizar cada uno de estos análisis.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Frequently the medical information on a certain clinical aspect is so unclear and contradictory, that health professional does not have the time or guidance to be able to analyze it in its entirety, and thus be able to take advantage of it in its real magnitude.  Objective:  To review the existing methodology and systems to perform meta-analysis of clinical trials.  Methods:  The process of analyzing this knowledge, called meta-analysis, has been reviewed; this is a systematic, qualitative and quantitative study of a group of reports or research articles, generally focused on the analysis of a clinical aspect.  Results:  In this review article, we show how the meta-analysis is designed, executed and reported, as well as the steps to carry out the meta-analysis.  Discussion: The systems most used to perform meta-analysis are summarized and compared.  Conclusions: With this work we know that the analysis of sensitivity, accumulated and publication bias cannot be missing for a meta-analysis, as well as the systems where each of these analyzes can be performed.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[metodología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ensayos clínicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[meta-análisis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[methodology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[clinical trials]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[meta-analysis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilera Zepeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Complicaciones rotulianas en la artroplastía total de la rodilla, experiencia de 5 años]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Mex Ortop Traum]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>27-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clark Peralta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Meta-análisis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno Altamirano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Epidemiología clínica]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<page-range>201-15</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Interamericana McGraw-Hill]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dawson-Saunders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trapp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bioestadística médica]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Manual Moderno]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Análisis cuantitativo de la literatura científica y sus repercusiones en la formulación de políticas científicas en América Latina y el Caribe]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[OPS, Bol Ofic Panam]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>118</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>448-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glass]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mc Gaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Meta-analysis of social research]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Beverly Hills ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goodman Steven]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Have you ever meta-analysis you didn't like?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Inter Med]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>114</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>224-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>International Committee of Medical Journal Editors</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Intern Med]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<numero>126</numero>
<issue>126</issue>
<page-range>36-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El meta-análisis en los estudios epidemiológicos observacionales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[OPS, Bol Ofic Panam]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>115</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>438-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kristan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL´Abbé]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El meta-análisis en la investigación clínica]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keinth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O'Rourke]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[OPS, Bol Ofic Panam]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>116</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>226-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilera Zepeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luna]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Complicaciones patelares en la artroplastía total de rodilla: un estudio de meta-análisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gac Med Mex]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>135</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>373-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Light]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pillemer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Revisando investigaciones. La ciencia de sintetizar estudios]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington DC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OPS, Ofic Sanit Panam]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Complicaciones patelares en la artroplastía total de rodilla]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Ortopedia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lyons]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Meta-analysis: Methods of accumulating results across research domains]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Manassas, Virginia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Bio Med Link Database]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sackett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bias in analytic research]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Chronic Dis]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>51-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tacker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Meta-análisis: un enfoque cuantitativo para la integración de investigaciones]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[OPS, Bol Of Sanit Panam Washington DC]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>115</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>328-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jadad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carroll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Control Clin Trials]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sillero Arenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Sesgos en el meta- análisis"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med. Clin. (Barc)]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>112</volume>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>43-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hedges]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olkin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Statistical methods for meta-analysis]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San Diego, California ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academic Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hedges]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valentine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<edition>2</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Russell Sage Foundation]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lipsey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MW.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DB.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Practical meta-analysis. Applied Social Research Methods Series]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Thousand Oaks, California ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Egger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davey Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Systematic reviews in health care. Meta-analysis in context]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[BMJ Books]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chinn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A simple method for converting an odds ratio to effect size for use in meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Stat Med]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>3127-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higgins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Stat Med]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>22</numero>
<issue>22</issue>
<page-range>1539-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higgins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deeks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>327</volume>
<page-range>557-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higgins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JPT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Green]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane handbok for systematic reviews of interventions]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[England ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley: Chichester]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
