<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1726-6718</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Anestesiología y Reanimación]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev cuba anestesiol reanim]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1726-6718</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1726-67182022000100012</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Alternativa factible para la neuroestimulación intraoperatoria durante la cirugía del plexo braquial]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Feasible alternative for intraoperative neurostimulation during brachial plexus surgery]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aparicio Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio Ismael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rizo Fiallo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yaima]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario de Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Complejo Científico Ortopédico Internacional &#8220;Frank País&#8221;  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1726-67182022000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1726-67182022000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1726-67182022000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  La neuroestimulación intraoperatoria constituye una técnica esencial durante la cirugía del plexo braquial, pues permite la identificación específica de las estructuras neurales. En determinadas circunstancias, la intensidad precisa de la estimulación nerviosa y la respuesta motora evocada, las cuales son fundamentales para la toma de decisiones críticas durante el acto quirúrgico.  Objetivo:  Describir la utilización de un neuroestimulador de anestesia regional para la localización neural intraoperatoria durante la cirugía del plexo braquial en dos pacientes.  Presentación de casos:  Caso 1: paciente con diagnóstico de lesión del fascículo lateral del plexo braquial derecho y lesión alta del nervio radial homolateral. La estimulación neural, con estímulos graduales y progresivos, permite la diferenciación adecuada de los nervios mediano, cubital, musculocutáneo y cutáneo braquial lateral, el fascículo motor del nervio cubital que inerva el músculo cubital anterior, y el fascículo motor del nervio musculocutáneo que inerva el bíceps, lo que posibilita la neurotización entre ambos fascículos. Caso 2: paciente con diagnóstico de lesión total del plexo braquial izquierdo, posganglionar. Luego de la exploración y neurólisis, se identificó el tronco superior, se efectuó la estimulación eléctrica gradual, lo que requirió una elevada intensidad, y se registó, únicamente, como respuesta motora evocada la contracción débil del músculo pectoral mayor ipsilateral.  Conclusiones:  La utilización de un neuroestimulador de anestesia regional para la localización neural durante la cirugía del plexo braquial, presenta ventajas prácticas relevantes en relación con los neuroestimuladores desechables, así como una relación costo-beneficio apropiada para su implementación en entornos y naciones de recursos limitados.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Intraoperative neurostimulation is an essential technique during brachial plexus surgery, as it allows the specific identification of neural structures. In certain circumstances, the precise intensity of nerve stimulation and the evoked motor response are fundamental for making critical decisions during the surgical act.  Objective:  Describe the use of a neurostimulator of regional anaesthesia for intraoperative neural localization during brachial plexus surgery in two patients.  Case presentation:  Case 1: patient diagnosed with lesion of the lateral fasciculus of the right brachial plexus and high lesion of the homolateral radial nerve. Neural stimulation, with gradual and progressive stimuli, allows the adequate differentiation of the median, ulnar, musculocutaneous and lateral brachial cutaneous nerves, the motor fasciculus of the ulnar nerve that innervates the anterior ulnar muscle, and the motor fasciculus of the musculocutaneous nerve that innervates the biceps, which enables neurotization between both fascicles. Case 2: patient diagnosed with total lesion of the left brachial plexus, postganglionic. After the exploration and neurolysis, the upper trunk was identified, the gradual electrical stimulation was carried out, which required a high intensity, and the weak contraction of the ipsilateral pectoralis major muscle was recorded only as an evoked motor response.  Conclusions:  The use of a neurostimulator of regional anesthesia for neural localization during brachial plexus surgery presents relevant practical advantages in relation to disposable neurostimulators, as well as an appropriate cost-benefit ratio for their implementation in environments and nations of limited resources.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lesión del plexo braquial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cirugía del plexo braquial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estimulador de nervios periféricos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[brachial plexus injury]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[brachial plexus surgery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[peripheral nerve stimulator]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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