<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1727-897X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[MediSur]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Medisur]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1727-897X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos, Centro Provincial de Ciencias Médicas, Provincia de Cienfuegos.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1727-897X2019000300407</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Panorama actual del trastorno por consumo de tabaco]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Current panorama of tobacco use disorder]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sosa González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ismael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ávila Cabreja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Menéndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández Massip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Haydée]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conesa Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raydel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Psiquiátrico Cdte. Dr. Eduardo Bernabé Ordaz Ducunge  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>407</fpage>
<lpage>416</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1727-897X2019000300407&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1727-897X2019000300407&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1727-897X2019000300407&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El tabaco es una de las drogas legales más consumida en el mundo, y es el cigarro la forma más común de consumo. Cuba tiene las cifras más altas respecto al resto de los países del Caribe, por lo que el tabaquismo constituye un importante problema de salud. Debido a esto y a los nuevos descubrimientos relacionados con este campo, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para exponer los hallazgos más actuales acerca del trastorno por consumo de tabaco, o tabaquismo. Todo ello se soportó sobre la consulta de más de 60 fuentes documentales, de las cuales se tomaron 55 como referencia bibliográfica. Los mecanismos neurofisiopatológicos que intervienen son la activación de los RnAc &#945;4&#946;2, y en menor medida, los &#945;6&#946;2. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante las pautas establecidas por la Sociedad Americana de Psiquiatría. Los efectos de la nicotina sobre el organismo incluyen daños al sistema cardiovascular, respiratorio, hematológico, endocrino y nervioso. Los avances logrados en el tratamiento, tanto desde el punto vista psicosocial, como farmacológico, han logrado buenos resultados, aunque todavía existen aristas inexploradas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Tobacco is one of the most consumed legal drugs in the world, and cigar is the most common form of consumption. Cuba has the highest figures compared to the rest of the Caribbean countries, reason for which smoking is a major health problem. Due to this and the new discoveries related to this field, a bibliographic review was conducted to show the updated findings about the tobacco use disorder, or smoking. This was supported on the review of more than 60 documentary sources, 55 of them were taken as a bibliographic reference. The neurophysiological mechanisms involved are the activation of RnAc &#945;4&#946;2, and to a lesser extent, &#945;6&#946;2. The diagnosis is made through the guidelines established by the American Psychiatric Society. The effects of nicotine on the body include damage to the cardiovascular, respiratory, hematological, endocrine, and nervous systems. Although there are still unexplored areas, the treatment, from the psychosocial point of view and pharmacological, has achieved good results.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tabaquismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nicotina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vasos coronarios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tobacco use disorder]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nicotine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[coronary vessels]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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