<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1727-897X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[MediSur]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Medisur]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1727-897X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos, Centro Provincial de Ciencias Médicas, Provincia de Cienfuegos.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1727-897X2021000601005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Principios y aplicaciones médicas de la edición de genes mediante CRISPR/Cas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Principles and medical applications of gene editing by CRISPR / Cas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez Artigas,]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rolando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz Armas,]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Teresa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Duque,]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raisa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miguel Soca,]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Portoviejo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chimborazo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Holguín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<fpage>1005</fpage>
<lpage>1014</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1727-897X2021000601005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1727-897X2021000601005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1727-897X2021000601005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La tecnología CRISPR/Cas es un método simple, rápido y extremadamente eficiente para la edición de genes. Con el objetivo de describir los principios y aplicación médica de dicha tecnología, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en Pubmed, SciELO, Google académico y Cochrane Library, con los descriptores &#8220;edición de genes&#8221;, &#8220;edición del genoma&#8221;, &#8220;sistemas CRISPR-Cas&#8221; y &#8220;proteína 9 asociada a CRISPR&#8221;. El sistema CRISPR/Cas9 comprende una endonucleasa Cas y dos tipos de RNA. Cas corta el DNA del fago invasor en segmentos, los cuales se integran a la secuencia CRISPR como espaciadores. Posteriormente, la secuencia CRISPR se transcribe para generar crRNA y tracrRNA, que forman una estructura de RNA de doble hélice que recluta Cas para el clivaje. La introducción del sistema al interior celular se produce con plásmidos, RNA o ribonucleoproteínas. Una secuencia de localización nuclear permite que CRISPR/Cas9 entre al núcleo. La tecnología CRISPR/Cas9 es una eficiente herramienta para la edición precisa de genes con gran impacto en la investigación científica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT CRISPR/Cas technology is a simple, fast and extremely efficient method for gene editing. In order to describe the principles and medical application of this technology, a bibliographic review was carried out in Pubmed, SciELO, academic Google and the Cochrane Library, with the descriptors &#8220;gene editing&#8221;, &#8220;genome editing&#8221;, &#8220;CRISPR-Cas systems&#8221;, and &#8220;CRISPR-associated protein 9&#8221;. The CRISPR/Cas9 system comprises a Cas endonuclease and two types of RNA. Cas cuts the invading phage DNA into segments, which are integrated into the CRISPR sequence as spacers. Subsequently, the CRISPR sequence is transcribed to generate crRNA and tracrRNA, which form a double-stranded RNA structure that recruits Cas for cleavage. The introduction of the system into the cell interior occurs with plasmids, RNA or ribonucleoproteins. A nuclear localization sequence allows CRISPR / Cas9 to enter the nucleus. CRISPR/Cas9 technology is an efficient tool for precise gene editing with great impact on scientific research.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Edición génica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistemas CRISPR-Cas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[proteína 9 asociada a CRISPR]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gene editing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CRISPR-Cas systems]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CRISPR-associated protein 9]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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