<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1727-897X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[MediSur]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Medisur]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1727-897X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos, Centro Provincial de Ciencias Médicas, Provincia de Cienfuegos.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1727-897X2025000100003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Características del acoso escolar en adolescentes de noveno grado. Abreus, Cienfuegos, 2021-2022]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Characteristics of bullying in ninth grade adolescents. Abreus, Cienfuegos, 2021-2022]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marioly]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turiño Matamoros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Honey]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calzada Urquiola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yanara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Angulo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura Magda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cedeño Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela de la Caridad]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Policlínico Octavio de la Concepción y de la Pedraja (Área 3)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cienfuegos ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Salud Mental. Abreus  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cienfuegos ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Pediátrico Universitario Paquito González Cueto  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cienfuegos ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cienfuegos ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1727-897X2025000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1727-897X2025000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1727-897X2025000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Fundamento:  los adolescentes que sufren de acoso escolar constituyen motivo de preocupación para la salud pública mundial. Por ello se requieren análisis que identifiquen a mediana y gran escala la presencia de dicho fenómeno en los escenarios correspondientes.  Objetivo:  caracterizar el acoso escolar en adolescentes de noveno grado.  Métodos:  se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, en el Centro Mixto Adolfo Ortiz Fonte, de Abreus, desde septiembre de 2021 hasta junio de 2022. La muestra estuvo conformada por 19 adolescentes estudiantes de dicho centro, quienes afirmaron haber sido víctimas de acoso escolar en los seis meses precedentes. Se diseñó y aplicó un cuestionario (validado por expertos) que evaluó las particularidades del acoso escolar percibido mediante variables como expresión del acoso escolar, factores precipitantes y frecuencia, entre otras.  Resultados:  las hembras resultaron más afectadas por el fenómeno del acoso. El acoso psicológico fue el más frecuente (100 %), seguido por el físico (21,1 %). El lugar de residencia y el color de la piel fueron identificados como las principales causas, mientras que los pasillos, patios y baños de la escuela se enunciaron como los lugares de agresión más habituales. Las principales consecuencias percibidas fueron las emocionales (78,9 %).  Conclusión:  es baja la percepción de acoso escolar dentro del universo de estudio, siendo el de tipo psicológico la forma de expresión más frecuente, aparejado a las consecuencias emocionales que devienen de este.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Foundation:  adolescents who suffer from bullying are a cause for concern for global public health. Therefore, analyses are required that identify the presence of this phenomenon on a medium and large scale in the corresponding settings.  Objective:  to characterize bullying in ninth grade adolescents.  Methods:  A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Adolfo Ortiz Fonte Mixed School in Abreus, from September 2021 to June 2022. The sample consisted of 19 adolescent students from said school, who claimed to have been victims of bullying in the preceding six months. A questionnaire (validated by experts) was designed and applied that evaluated the particularities of perceived bullying through variables such as expression of bullying, precipitating factors and frequency, among others.  Results:  Females were more affected by the phenomenon of bullying. Psychological bullying was the most frequent (100%), followed by physical bullying (21.1%). Place of residence and skin color were identified as the main causes, while school hallways, backyards and bathrooms were listed as the most common places of aggression. The main perceived consequences were emotional (78.9%).  Conclusion:  The low perception of bullying within the studied universe, with psychological bullying being the most frequent form of expression, linked to the emotional consequences that arise from it.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[acoso escolar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[adolescencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[instituciones académicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bullying]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[adolescent]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[schools]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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