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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1729-519X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev haban cienc méd]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1729-519X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1729-519X2007000200021</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[RESUMENES SIMPOSIO NEUROINFECTOLOGIA: CELEBRADO COMO EVENTO SATELITE DE LA JORNADA DE CIENCIAS BASICAS MEDICAS GIRON 2006]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fidel Angel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí Departamento de Parasitología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>0</fpage>
<lpage>0</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
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</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMENES SIMPOSIO NEUROINFECTOLOGIA. CELEBRADO COMO EVENTO SATELITE DE LA JORNADA DE CIENCIAS BASICAS MEDICAS GIRON 2006 </strong></p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>ESTUDIOS PARASITOLOGICOS DE LA INFECCION POR ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS EN CUBA </strong></p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. C. M&eacute;dicas, Fidel Angel N&uacute;&ntilde;ez Fern&aacute;ndez. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">M&eacute;dico Investigador. Profesor Auxiliar, Investigador Auxiliar. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Departamento de Parasitolog&iacute;a, Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Pedro Kour&iacute;”. </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><a href="mailto:fan@infomed.sld.cu">fan@infomed.sld.cu </a>y <a href="mailto:fan@ipk.sdl.cu">fan@ipk.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">El nematodo Angiostrongylus cantonensis vive habitualmente en las arterias pulmonares de las ratas (Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus), y es una de las causa m&aacute;s frecuentes de meningitis eosinof&iacute;lica en el Hombre. En Cuba, Pascual y colaboradores reportaron en 1981 el hallazgo en La Habana de numerosos casos de meningitis eosinof&iacute;lica, y encontraron los par&aacute;sitos adultos en las arterias pulmonares de ratas atrapadas cerca de los hogares de estos pacientes, los que fueron identificados poco tiempo despu&eacute;s como A. cantonensis; lo que constituy&oacute; el primer reporte de este parasitismo ex&oacute;tico en Cuba y en el continente americano. En el siguiente trabajo, pretendemos resumir las principales investigaciones parasicol&oacute;gicas, epidemiol&oacute;gicas y de laboratorio, realizadas en los 25 a&ntilde;os transcurridos desde su primer reporte en Cuba. Tambi&eacute;n se han desarrollado estudios sobre la distribuci&oacute;n y abundancia de diferentes especies de hospederos intermediarios (caracoles o babosas). A pesar de lo mucho que se ha aprendido en las &uacute;ltimas d&eacute;cadas sobre la infecci&oacute;n con A. cantonensis, existen muchas cuestiones a&uacute;n sin resolver. Entre ellas, podemos mencionar la falta de m&eacute;todos eficaces y efectivos para el diagn&oacute;stico y el tratamiento de esta zoonosis, as&iacute; como una posible subestimaci&oacute;n del papel que puede tener esta infecci&oacute;n parasitaria para la salud p&uacute;blica humana. </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Introduction: The Angiostrongylus Cantonensis nematode usually inhabits the rat's (Rattus rattus, Rattus Norvegicus) pulmonary arteries and is one of the most frequent causes of eosinophilic meningitis in humans. In Cuba , Pascual and cols. Reported in 1981 in Havana , the finding of numerous cases of eosinophilic meningitis and found the adult parasites identified as Angiostrongylus Cantonensis in trapped rats near the patient's houses. (1, 2), which constituted the first report of this exotic parasitic infection in Cuba and in the American continent (2). In this work, we pretend to resume the main parasitological investigations in these 25 years since its first report. Material and Methods: We performed a wide and profound investigation of the main parasitological studies performed and published in Cuba as well as overseas, as well as various data bases besides other studies over the internet. Results: In these 25 years, numerous investigations and publications have been made. There are also studies about the distribution and abundance of different kinds of intermediary hosts (snails) . The Cuban cases of eosinophilic meningitis have manifested as all the other reported in other areas of the planet, including the finding of larvae in CSF. Conclusions: In spite of the amount of information gathered in the last decade about this entity, there are a lot of unsolved questions, among them: lack of effective and efficacious methods to diagnose and treat this disease as well as a possible underestimation of the role that this infection can cause for the human health. </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>---- </strong></p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>SINTESIS INTRATECAL DE C3c EN NI&Ntilde;OS CON MENINGOENCEFALITIS EOSINOFILICA POR ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS </strong></p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Lic. B&aacute;rbara Padilla Docal. <a href="mailto:barbara.padilla@infomed.sld.cu">barbara.padilla@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr.C Alberto J. Dorta Contreras. <a href="mailto:adorta@infomed.sld.cu">adorta@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Elena Noris Garc&iacute;a. <a href="mailto:anoris@infomed.sld.cu">anoris@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Dra. Raisa B&uacute;-Coif&uacute; Fanego. <a href="mailto:raisabu@infomed.sld.cu">raisabu@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Hermes Fundora-Hern&aacute;ndez. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Tec. Alexis Rodr&iacute;guez Rey. ATD </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Tec. Marlen Gonz&aacute;lez Hern&aacute;ndez. ATD </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Laboratorio Central de L&iacute;quido Cefalorraqu&iacute;deo (LABCEL). Facultad de Ciencias M&eacute;dicas “Dr. Miguel Enr&iacute;quez”: Hospital Pedi&aacute;trico Docente San Miguel del Padr&oacute;n. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">La meningoencefalitis eosinof&iacute;lica es una enfermedad emergente producida por Angiostrongylus cantonensis; es considerada una enfermedad humana importante y a veces mortal. El objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer si el sistema de complemento puede estar involucrado en la eliminaci&oacute;n natural de la larva de tercer estadio cuando viaja de forma err&aacute;tica por el l&iacute;quido cefalorraqu&iacute;deo (LCR), cuando el n&uacute;mero de larvas que se ingiere es poco por la ingesti&oacute;n accidental, como es el caso de nuestra poblaci&oacute;n infantil. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Introduction: Eosinophilic meningitis is an emerging disease produced by Angiostrongylus Cantonensis; it's considered an important human disease and sometimes it can be fatal. The objective of this work is to know if the complements system might be involved in the elimination of the larvae in its third stage when it erratically travels through the CSF usually when the number of larvae is short due to accidental ingestion by our infant's population. Material and Methods: Serum and CSF fluid was collected in six children with an average age of 3, 6 years with a diagnosis of eosinophilic meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus Cantonensis. The C3c serum and CSF fluid levels were quantified in radial immune diffusion plaques. To tell apart if there was intratecal synthesis of C3c and to know the situation of the blood-CSF barrier, we proceeded to quantify it in radial immune diffusion plaques. Results: After studying the files of these patients we could know that the main symptoms were fever and vomiting and 50% show some meningeal sign.. In the CSF study we found that the average number of cells was of 396 x 10 -6 /L . In the differential count appeared a 8, 8% average of eosinophils. Conclusions: We checked the existence of intratecal synthesis of C3c which demonstrates the participation of the complement system in the destruction of the third stage larvae in CSF. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">---- </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>sICAM-1 EN MENINGOENCEFALITIS POR ANGIOSTROGYLUS CANTONENSIS</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr.C.Alberto J Dorta Contreras. <a href="mailto:adorta@infomed.sld.cu">adorta@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Elena Noris Garc&iacute;a. <a href="mailto:Auxiliar.anoris@infomed.sld.cu">anoris@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Mar&iacute;a Teresa Interi&aacute;n Morales. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Mar&iacute;a Esther Magraner Tarrau. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Lic. B&aacute;rbara Padilla Docal. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Raisa Bu Coifiu Fanego. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Tec. Marlen Gonz&aacute;lez Hern&aacute;ndez. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Hermes Fundora-Hern&aacute;ndez. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Tec. Alexis Rodr&iacute;guez Rey. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Laboratorio Central de L&iacute;quido Cefalorraqu&iacute;deo (LABCEL). Facultad de Ciencias M&eacute;dicas “Dr. Miguel Enr&iacute;quez”. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">La meningoencefalitis por Angiostrongylus cantonensis es una enfermedad emergente en las Am&eacute;ricas. Doce ni&ntilde;os con meningoencefalitis eosinof&iacute;lica por Angiostrongylus cantonensis con edades entre 6 y 10 a&ntilde;os fueron estudiados. Se tomaron muestras simult&aacute;neas de suero y l&iacute;quido cefalorraqu&iacute;deo (LCR) en la primera punci&oacute;n lumbar diagn&oacute;stica.Todos los casos evidenciaron hallazgos t&iacute;picos en los an&aacute;lisis de rutina del LCR y suero con un incremento de prote&iacute;nas totales, aumento de la raz&oacute;n alb&uacute;mina Q ( LCR/suero) acompa&ntilde;ado de eosinofilia en LCR. No se encontr&oacute; s&iacute;ntesis intratecal de inmunoglobulinas. Se puede sugerir que la din&aacute;mica de la fracci&oacute;n SICAM-1 derivada del cerebro ocurre quiz&aacute;s asociada a la respuesta inmune frente a la enfermedad. SICAM-1 puede ser un agente de retroalimentaci&oacute;n negativa para el paso de eosin&oacute;filos de la sangre a trav&eacute;s de la barrera sangre-LCR en el cerebro inflamado. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Introduction: Angiostrongylus Cantonensis meningitis is en emerging disease in America . Material and Methods: Twelve children with eosinophilic meningitis by Angiostrongylus Cantonensis with ages between 6 and 10 years were studied. Simultaneous serum and CSF samples were obtained in the first lumbar punction. Results: All the cases showed typical findings of the routine CSF and serum with an increase of total proteins, a raise in the index albumin Q (CSF/serum) accompanied by eosinophilia in the CSF. There was no trace of intratecal presence of immune globulins. The average values of siCAM-1 in serum and CSF were of 337,4 and 3,97 ng/ml respectively. Conclusions: We can suggest that dynamics of the fraction siCAM-1 derived of the brain is perhaps associated to the immune response to the disease. siCAM-1 can be an agent of negative feedback for the pass through of blood eosinophils through the blood/CSF barrier in the swollen brain. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">----- </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>SINTESIS INTRATECAL DE SUBCLASES DE IgG EN MENINGOENCEFALITIS POR ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr.C Alberto J. Dorta Contreras. <a href="mailto:adorta@infomed.sld.cu">adorta@infomed.sld.cu </a> Profesor e Investigador Titular </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Elena Noris Garc&iacute;a. Especialista Segundo Grado Inmunolog&iacute;a. Investigador Auxiliar <a href="mailto:anoris@infomed.sld.cu">anoris@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Norlan Barb&oacute;n Fellove. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Dra. Raisa Bu Coifiu Fanego. Aspirante a Investigador. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Tec. Alexis Rodr&iacute;guez Rey. ATD </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Tec. Marlen Gonz&aacute;lez Hern&aacute;ndez. ATD </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Laboratorio Central de L&iacute;quido Cefalorraqu&iacute;deo (LABCEL). Facultad de Ciencias M&eacute;dicas “Dr. Miguel Enr&iacute;quez”. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Es de inter&eacute;s creciente conocer las caracter&iacute;sticas de las meningoencefalitis por Angiostrongylus cantonensis, pues se trata de una enfermedad emergente. El objetivo de este trabajo es el de de scribir el patr&oacute;n de s&iacute;ntesis de subclases de IgG en pacientes pedi&aacute;tricos con meningoencefalitis eosinof&iacute;lica por Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Se estudiaron 10 pacientes pedi&aacute;tricos con la enfermedad. En la punci&oacute;n lumbar diagn&oacute;stica se encontr&oacute; pleocitosis eosinof&iacute;lica. Se tom&oacute; una muestra simult&aacute;nea de suero. A los ocho d&iacute;as se realiz&oacute; una segunda punci&oacute;n lumbar y venosa. El patr&oacute;n de s&iacute;ntesis intratecal de subclases de IgG puede contribuir al diagn&oacute;stico de las meningoencefalitis eosinof&iacute;licas por Angiostrongylus cantonensis. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Introduction: Is of a forthcoming interest to know the characteristics of Angiostrongylus Cantonensis meningitis, because it is an emerging disease. The objective of this work is to describe the pattern of IgG subtype synthesis in pediatric patients with meningitis by Angiostrongylus Cantonensis. Patients and methods: Ten patients were studied. In the diagnostic lumbar punction was found an eosinophilic pleocytosis. A simultaneous serum sample was taken. In each serum and CSF sample IgA, IgM, IgG albumin and the four subtypes of IgG were quantified by immune diffusion. Besides, a differential cells count was made. Results: In the first diagnostic lumbar punction all cases had dysfunction of the blood/CSF barrier with an absence of intratecal synthesis of immunoglobulin, pleocytocis and a 48% of eosinophilia. In the second lumbar punction 40% had a dysfunction of the barrier with a pattern of synthesis of IgA +IgM +IgG in the 50% of cases and IgA +IgG in another four patients. The pattern of synthesis of the subtypes was of IgG 1 + IgG 2 in six patients, of IgG 1 + IgG 2 + IgG 3 in another patient and of IgG 1 + IgG 2 + IgG 3 + IgG 4 in another patient. There were two patients which didn't synthesize any subtype intratecal. Conclusions: The pattern of synthesis of intratecal IgG subtypes , might contribute to the diagnosis of eosinophilic meningitis by Angiostrongylus Cantonensis. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">---- </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>NUEVO REIBERGRAMA PARA LA SINTESIS INTRATECAL DE IgE EN EL DIAGNOSTICO DE MENINGOENCEFALITIS POR ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Elena Noris Garc&iacute;a. Especialista Segundo Grado Inmunolog&iacute;a. Investigador Auxiliar <a href="mailto:anoris@infomed.sld.cu">anoris@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Lic. B&aacute;rbara Padilla Docal. Investigador Agregado. Instructor Docente </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr.C. Alberto J. Dorta Contreras. Investigador Titular. Profesor Titular </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Dra. Raisa B&uacute;-Coif&uacute; Fanego. Especialista Segundo Grado en Pediatr&iacute;a. Aspirante a Investigador <a href="mailto:raisabu@infomed.sld.cu">raisabu@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Hermes Fundora-Hern&aacute;ndez. Especialista en MGI. Residente Inmunolog&iacute;a </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Tec. Alexis Rodr&iacute;guez Rey. ATD </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Tec. Marlen Gonz&aacute;lez Hern&aacute;ndez. ATD </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Laboratorio Central de L&iacute;quido Cefalorraqu&iacute;deo (LABCEL). Facultad de Ciencias M&eacute;dicas “Dr. Miguel Enr&iacute;quez”. Hospital Pedi&aacute;trico Docente San Miguel del Padr&oacute;n. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">El Angiostrongylus cantonensis es la causa m&aacute;s importante de meningoencefalitis eosinof&iacute;lica en el mundo. En Cuba, la infecci&oacute;n ocurre principalmente en ni&ntilde;os por ingesti&oacute;n accidental de la larva en tercer estadio. El reibergrama o gr&aacute;fica de las razones de Reiber constituye una herramienta fundamental para el an&aacute;lisis del LCR y ha demostrado su superioridad para el diagnostico de enfermedades neurol&oacute;gicas fundamentalmente de origen infecciosas y autoinmunes. Se analizan las caracter&iacute;sticas moleculares de las clases y subclases de IgG m&aacute;s afines con la IgE. Se estudiaron 31 pacientes a los que se les ha tomado punci&oacute;n lumbar por sospechas de distintas enfermedades neurol&oacute;gicas y 20 pacientes pedi&aacute;tricos con meningoencefalitis por A. cantonensis a los que se les tomaron muestras simult&aacute;neas de suero y LCR durante la fase aguda. Se les cuantifica IgE y alb&uacute;mina por nefelometr&iacute;a con part&iacute;culas intensificadas usando N Latex IgE Mono. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">El reibergrama propuesto es &uacute;til para determinar la s&iacute;ntesis intratecal de IgE, mejora la calidad de los m&eacute;todos diagnostico para las meningoencefalitis por A. cantonensis y ayuda al diagn&oacute;stico de otras enfermedades neurol&oacute;gicas. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Introduction: Angiostrongylus Cantonensis is the most important cause of eosinophilic meningitis in the world. In Cuba , infection happens in children mostly because of an accidental third stage larvae. Reibergram is one of the fundamental instruments to analyze CSF and has shown its superiority for the diagnosis of auto immune and infectious neurological diseases. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Material and Methods: There was an analysis of the types and subtypes of IgG which were more alike to IgE. Thirty one patients were studied to whom lumbar punctions were performed for various causes and twenty pediatric patients with A. Cantonensis meningitis simultaneous serum and CSF samples were taken during the acute phase. IgE and albumin is quantified by nephelometrics utilizing Mono IgE Latex. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Results: When comparing the molecule of IgE with the rest of immune globulins, it is clear that IgE is more related to IgA and IgG 3 than with the rest of the others. That is the reason we made the formula to detect intratecal IgE from the constant values of IgA and we adhere to its correspondent Reibergram ( Fig 1) . The IgE values found in the CSF of the patients with meningitis by A. Cantonensis are 100 times more elevated that those found in serum. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Conclusions: The proposed Reibergram is useful to determine the intratecal synthesis of IgE; it improves the quality of the diagnostic tests for meningitis by A. Cantonensis and other neurological diseases. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">---- </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>EL HUMANO COMO HUESPED ACCIDENTAL DE ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Dr. Oliver P&eacute;rez. Dr. C. M., Investigador Titular. Especialista Segundo Grado en Inmunolog&iacute;a </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Miriam Lastre. Investigador Titular. Especialista Segundo Grado en Microbiolog&iacute;a. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Vicepresidencia de Investigaciones, Instituto Finlay. Apdo. 16017, La Lisa, Ciudad </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Habana, Cuba. <a href="mailto:oliverp@finlay.edu.cu">oliverp@finlay.edu.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Los helmintos, par&aacute;sitos multicelulares y por ello, dotados de m&uacute;ltiples mecanismos de escape, han sido los responsables de la aparici&oacute;n evolutiva de la IgE. Este presenta varias peculiaridades que lo diferencian de las dem&aacute;s clases de anticuerpos, entre los que se encuentran su capacidad citotr&oacute;pica,la que permite que su vida media, de d&iacute;as en la sangre, se incremente por 3 a 4 meses al unirse a receptores espec&iacute;ficos en los mastocitos y los bas&oacute;filos. Estas c&eacute;lulas intervienen en los procesos al&eacute;rgicos, por lo que muchos piensan que &eacute;sta es su funci&oacute;n fundamental. No obstante, los macr&oacute;fagos, los eosin&oacute;filos y las plaquetas presentan receptores para la IgE, lo que explica sus participaciones en las defensas contra los helmintos, particularmente A. cantonensis. Un factor a tener en cuenta en las infecciones (microorganismos) e infestaciones (helmintos) es la comunidad antig&eacute;nica entre los microorganismos, esto se traduce en la permisibilidad de los hospederos para los mismos. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Helmints, multicellular parasites, therefore, given by multiple escape mechanisms, have been responsible of the evolutive appearance of IgE. This has various characteristics which differentiate them from other antibodies, among which, its cytothropic activity This one allows them to have a medium range life of days in blood , which increases for 3 to 4 months when joining to specific receptors in mastocits and basophiles. These cells intervene in the allergic process, that's why many think that this is their fundamental function. Nevertheless macrophages, eosinophils and platelets have IgE receptor, which explains its participation in the defenses against helmints, particularly A. Cantonensis. One role to have in consideration in the defenses against infections ( microorganisms) and infestations (helmints) , is the antigenic community among microorganisms. This is interpreted in the permissibility of hosts. So there are intermediary hosts, definitive hosts and accidental ones. In which parasites will have different behavior. In the intermediary hosts as mollusks, A. Cantonensis evolve from larvae L1 to L3, which are the infesting forms to definitive and intermediate hosts. In definite hosts like rats, L3 evolve going through the Central Nervous System to descend as adults to the pulmonary arteries. Here they produce eggs which evolve to L1 excreted be faeces. For the A Cantonensis to close its cycle, it's necessary not to find a hostile environment in the definitive host as in the unspecific as to the specific response. The accidental host is the one infected, but in which the parasite can not complete its cycle but capable of produce immune pathology. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Long term immune response was considered only the acquired response, but nowadays we now that inborn immune response is also acquired immune response. The unsuitability of the accidental host triggers an encounter host-hostage. There is an exaggerated response in the hostage that leads to eosinophilic meningoencephalitis and at a hystopathological level there's disappearance of Purkinger cells. In endemic countries of A Cantonensis, at the presence of a CSF with eosinophils , the first reaction must be to thing of A Cantonensis. The host of A Cantonensis does not evolve to the adult stage , having L4-L5 in histological cuts generally surrounded by a great number of eosinophils. In massive infestations , generally lethal, a few parasites can be observed in the pulmonary arteries. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">---- </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>MENINGOENCEFALITIS EOSINOFILICA POR ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS. CARACTERIZACION CLINICA Y DE LABORATORIO EN 58 NI&Ntilde;OS CUBANOS </strong></p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Maria Esther Magraner Tarrau. Profesora Asistente. . <a href="mailto:mariae.magraner@infomed.sld.cu">mariae.magraner@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Raisa B&uacute;-Coif&uacute; Fanego Especialista Segundo Grado en Pediatr&iacute;a. <a href="mailto:raisabu@infomed.sld.cu">raisabu@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. C. Alberto Juan Dorta Contreras. Profesor Titular. Director del Laboratorio Central de Liquido Cefalorraqu&iacute;deo (LABCEL). <a href="mailto:adorta@infomed.sld.cu">adorta@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Mar&iacute;a Teresa Interi&aacute;n Morales. Profesora Auxiliar. . <a href="mailto:enfe@infomed.sld.cu">enfe@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Roberto Plana Bouly. Profesor Auxiliar. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Angiostrongylus cantonensis es la causa infecciosa mas frecuente de meningoencefalitis eosinof&iacute;lica en el ni&ntilde;o en nuestro pa&iacute;s </p>     <p class="Estilo1">En este estudio retrospectivo de los a&ntilde;os 1977 al 2005, se describe parte de los casos estudiados en nuestro hospital. Debemos se&ntilde;alar que aunque se ha dicho de forma oficial que el primer caso de meningoencefalitis por Angiostrongylus cantonensis fue reportado en Cuba en 1981, en nuestro hospital de hab&iacute;an estudiado varios pacientes con esta parasitosis desde 1977 . </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Se revisaron las historias cl&iacute;nicas de 58 ni&ntilde;os diagnosticados con meningoencefalitis eosinof&iacute;lica en el per&iacute;odo comprendido entre 1977 al 2005. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Se estudiaron detalladamente sus manifestaciones cl&iacute;nicas, resultados de los ex&aacute;menes complementarios, tratamiento y su procedencia de &aacute;reas rurales, de los municipios perif&eacute;ricos situados al Sur y Sureste de la Ciudad de La Habana. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Angiostrongylus Cantonensis is the most frequent infectious cause of Eosinophilic Meningoencephalitis in children in our country. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">In this retrospective study from 1977 to 2005, parts of the cases studied in our country are described. We must point out that even when the first case of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis was reported in Cuba in 1981 since 1977 this parasites have been seen in our country. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">The medical files were detailed studied, its clinical manifestations, tests results, treatment and precedence of rural areas, from the peripheral municipalities allocated to South and South east in Havana City . </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">--- </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>MENINGOENCEFALITIS EOSINOFILICA POR ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS. A PROPOSITO DE 26 CASOS REPORTADOS EN EL ADULTO CUBANO </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Eduardo S&aacute;nchez Zulueta. Profesor Auxiliar de Medicina Interna <a href="mailto:edusanzu@infomed.sld.cu">edusanzu@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Jos&eacute; Francisco Mart&iacute;nez Delgado. Profesor Titular de Medicina Interna. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Mar&iacute;a Esther Magraner Tarrau. Profesora Asistente. <a href="mailto:mariae.magraner@infomed.sld.cu">mariae.magraner@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Meningoencefalitis eosinof&iacute;lica es el t&eacute;rmino que se aplica con frecuencia a la pleocitosis del LCR producida por la infestaci&oacute;n del SNC por par&aacute;sitos helmintos.. Se revis&oacute; una casu&iacute;stica de 26 adultos publicados en Cuba, 17 de ellos correspondieron a la provincia de Villa Clara y 9 a la provincia de la Ciudad de La Habana. En esta revisi&oacute;n se estudi&oacute; detalladamente las manifestaciones cl&iacute;nicas, evoluci&oacute;n, resultados de los ex&aacute;menes complementarios y tratamiento. El diagn&oacute;stico y tratamiento temprano del edema cerebral favorecieron el pron&oacute;stico de esta entidad. En nuestra serie todos los pacientes que presentaron d&eacute;ficit motor y evolucionaron hacia el coma fallecieron. (23,0 %) por lo que fueron considerados como signos de mal pron&oacute;stico. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Introduction: Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis is the term frequently utilized for pleocytocis in the CSF due to helmints infestation. This eosinophilic pleocytocis is not exclusive of parasitic infections of the CNS. It can be acquired by ingestion of sweet water snails, poorly cooked shrimps, lettuces, and other contaminated vegetables. The incubation period is from one to three weeks in the human being. Larvae migrate from the digestive apparatus to the CNS given the neurotropic characteristics of these parasites </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Material and Methods: Twenty-six adult cases, published in Cuba , were reviewed, 17 of them were correspondent to the Province of Villa Clara and 9 to Havana Province . In this review, we thoroughly studied clinical manifestations, evolution, test results and treatment. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Results: Headache was the most frequent symptom (96.6% of cases) followed by fever (71,4%) , neck rigidity (55,0%) . There were also vomits, cranial nerve paralysis, papilledema, and coma. The cytochemical study of the CSF was: pleocytic there was eosinophilia in it and light protein leak. The WBC was of 4-25%. The 65,3% were treated with antiparasitic drugs, while the rest received only symptomatic treatment. Evolution was satisfactory in 77% of patients when detected and adequately treated brain edema </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Conclusions: Diagnosis and early treatment of brain edema were in favor to the good prognosis. In our series all the patients that had motor deficiency, evolved to coma and died (23%), therefore , those were bad prognosis signs. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">--- </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS DE ARTICULOS PUBLICADOS POR AUTORES CUBANOS SOBRE ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS  </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1">Jos&eacute; Enrique Alfonso Manzanet. Lic. en Enfermer&iacute;a. Master en Inform&aacute;tica M&eacute;dica. Profesor asistente. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Centro Nacional de Informaci&oacute;n de Ciencias M&eacute;dicas. Redacci&oacute;n de Revistas M&eacute;dicas. </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><a href="mailto:jenrique@infomed.sld.cu">jenrique@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Se realiza una recopilaci&oacute;n de todo el material encontrado en forma de publicaci&oacute;n cient&iacute;fica en diferentes revistas o boletines cient&iacute;ficos y en libros. Esta recopilaci&oacute;n abarca desde1981 hasta la actualidad. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Se obtuvieron un total de 38 registros, de los cuales 24 se encontraban publicados en revistas de habla hispana y el resto en revistas de habla inglesa. Se pudo comprobar la existencia de cuatro libros publicados sobre esta materia </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Se concluye que la literatura sobre este tema contin&uacute;a siendo escasa para los especialistas que se dediquen a su estudio. El Dr. Alberto Dorta Contreras es el cient&iacute;fico que m&aacute;s ha aportado en materia de publicaci&oacute;n cient&iacute;fica al conocimiento sobre este microorganismo. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Introduction: There is a compilation of all the material in scientific publications in different magazines, bulletins and books. This compilation goes from 1981 to the present. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Method: The search was performed using the most important web searchers and databases such as: MEDLINE, SciELO, INBIOMED, LATINDEX, BVS-CUBA and Google. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Results: We obtained 38 hits, 24 out of them were published in Hispanic medicine publications. We checked the existence of four books published about it. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Conclusions: We concluded that literature in the subject is still scarce. Dr. Alberto Dorta Contreras is the scientific that has offered more in publications on the subject. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1">-- </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="center" class="Estilo4">PRIMER REPORTE DE MENINGOENCEFALITIS EOSINOFILICA DE ETIOLOGIA PARASITARIA EN LAS TUNAS, CUBA </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Rebeca M. Laird P&eacute;rez. Especialista Segundo Grado Parasitolog&iacute;a. Profesora Instructora. <a href="mailto:rebecam@cucalambe.ltu.sld.cu">rebecam@cucalambe.ltu.sld.cu</a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Jorge Luis Riquenez Hidalgo. Especialista Segundo Grado Pediatr&iacute;a,.Profesor Instructor. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Jos&eacute; Manuel Fern&aacute;ndez. M&eacute;dico Veterinario. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Nancy Gonz&aacute;lez. Especialista Segundo Grado Pediatr&iacute;a. Profesor Instructor. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Arturo Ferreiro Especialista. Primer Grado Pediatr&iacute;a. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Facultad de Ciencias M&eacute;dicas Dr. Zoilo E. Marinello Vidaurreta, Las Tunas </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">El nematodo Angiostrongylus cantonensis fue descubierto en 1936 y no fue sino hasta 1962 que se logr&oacute; establecer que el s&iacute;ndrome de meningoencefalitis eosinof&iacute;lica era causado por formas juveniles de esta especie. En Cuba, se ha reportado la presencia de esta par&aacute;sito en varias regiones lo cual probablemente se debe a la inespecificidad del agente parasitario hacia el hospedero intermediario y a la riqueza malacol&oacute;gica existente en la Isla. En este trabajo, se presenta un ni&ntilde;o de siete a&ntilde;os de edad, de procedencia rural con signos de focalizaci&oacute;n neurol&oacute;gica asociado a eosinofilia del l&iacute;quido cefalorraqu&iacute;deo (LCR). Se discute el caso y se concluye que a pesar de no haber sido aislado A. cantonensis , el antecedente epidemiol&oacute;gico, el cuadro cl&iacute;nico y el estudio del LCR nos permitieron sospechar la infecci&oacute;n por este gusano asociado a una geohelmintiosis intestinal diagnosticada por examen coproparasitol&oacute;gico. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Angiostrongylus Cantonensis was discovered in 1936 and it was in 1962 that the term eosinophilic meningoencephalitis was established, because of the juvenile forms of this nematode. The presence of this parasite in Cuba has been reported in several regions, demonstrating the unespecificity of the agent to the intermediate host and to the malachollogical richness in the island. In this work, we present a seven years old boy with a rural upbringing and signs of neurological focalization with an eosinophilia in the CSF. The case is discussed and it is concluded that in spite of no findings of A Cantonensis, the epidemiological background, the clinical picture and the study of the CSF, allow us to suspect the infection by this vermin form of life, associated to intestinal geohelminthiosis, diagnosed by parasitological exam. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">----- </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>CHEMOKINES IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OF PATIENTS&acute; WITH HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS: PUTATIVE EARLY DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS OF CNS INVOLVEMENT </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1">Courtioux B. 1 </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Pervieux L. 1 </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">g edeao Vatunga. 1, 2 </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Bouteille B. 1 </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Jauberteau MO. 3 </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Bisser S. 1,4&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">1- EA 3174 &laquo;&nbsp;Neuroparasitologie et Neuro&eacute;pid&eacute;miologie&nbsp;&raquo;, Facult&eacute; de m&eacute;decine, Limoges, France </p>     <p class="Estilo1">2- Instituto de Combate e Controlo das Tripanossomiases, Luanda, Angola. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">3- EA 3842 &laquo;&nbsp;Hom&eacute;ostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies&nbsp;&raquo;, Facult&eacute; de M&eacute;decine, Limoges, France </p>     <p class="Estilo1">4- Unit&eacute; de parasitologie m&eacute;dicale, Centre International de Recherches M&eacute;dicales de Franceville, Gabon </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) still leads to numerous deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa. The disease burden is linked to the development of a chronic meningo-encephalitis which is difficult to detect and treat. Currently used diagnostic markers of central nervous system (CNS) involvement are not reliable and/or not applicable in rural settings. Our aim is to identify reliable, easy to use and, cheap markers of CNS involvement in HAT. Therefore, the mechanisms of CNS invasion at the blood brain barrier level need to be investigated and understood. Chemokines are early markers of CNS involvement in neurological diseases. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Paired sera and cerebrospinal fluid samples from 88 patients collected during active and passive field surveys in Angola and Gabon were screened for chemokines of CC (CCL-2/ MCP-1, CCL-3/MIP-1 a , CCL-5/RANTES) and CXC (CXCL-8, CXCL13) families. Results were compared to classical stage determination criteria and presence of neurological signs. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">La Tripanosomiasis humana Africana, todav&iacute;a causa miles de muertes en el Africa Subsahariana. El problema de la enfermedad radica en que est&aacute; ligada al desarrollo de una meningoencefalitis cr&oacute;nica , la cual es dif&iacute;cil de detectar y tratar. Los marcadores de involucramiento del Sistema Nervioso Central no son confiables y /o no aplicables a los medios rurales. Nuestro objetivo es identificar marcadores confiables y baratos. Por tanto, los mecanismos de invasi&oacute;n de la barrera hematoencef&aacute;lica deben ser investigados y comprensidos. Las citoquinas son marcadores tempranos del involucramiento del SNC en las enfermedades neurol&oacute;gicas. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Sueros pareados y fluido cerebrospinal de 88 pacientes fueron colectados durante los trabajos activos y pasivos de campo en Angola y Gabon y se chequearon para citoquinas ( CCL-2/MCP1, CCL-3 MIP1 a , CCL5/RANTES)y familias de CXC ( CXCL-8, CXCL-13) . Los resultados fueron comparados con los cl&aacute;sicos criterios de determinaci&oacute;n de estad&iacute;o y con signos neurol&oacute;gicos. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Nuestros resultados muestran: que CCL-3, CX C-L8 y CCXL-13. Detyerminan claramente determinan claramente los valores en l&iacute;quido cefalorraqu&iacute;deo con valores medianos de , respectivamente: 34, 170 y 494pg/ml en los pacientes en estad&iacute;o II. Adem&aacute;s , la funci&oacute;n de los CXCL-13 ( atractores de linfocitos B) y posible papel en secuelas neurol&oacute;gicas HAT se discuten. Utilizando las curvas de receptores de operadores, se determin&oacute; un margen para los niveles indicativos de CXCL-13y los resultados fueron comparados con la s&iacute;ntesis de IgM como test de referencia. Se discute la aplicaci&oacute;n de los campos de potencia. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">--- </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>INCIDENCIA DE MENINGOENCEFALITIS POR STREPTOCOCUS PNEUMONIAE EN EL PERIODO 1993-2006 EN EL HOSPITAL PEDIATRICO DOCENTE SAN MIGUEL DEL PADRON, CIUDAD DE LA HABANA. CARACTERISTICAS CLINICAS Y TRATAMIENTO. </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1">Raisa Bu Coifiu Fanego. Especialista Segundo Grado en Pediatr&iacute;a. Aspirante a Investigador <a href="mailto:raisabu@infomed.sld.cu">raisabu@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Alberto Juan Dorta Contreras. Doctor en Ciencias de la Salud. Profesor e Investigador titular. <a href="mailto:adorta@infomed.sld.cu">adorta@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Mar&iacute;a Teresa Interi&aacute;n Morales. M&eacute;dico especialista Segundo Grado Pediatr&iacute;a. Profesor Auxiliar. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Mar&iacute;a Esther Magraner Tarrau. M&eacute;dico especialista Primer Grado Pediatr&iacute;a. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Profesora Asistente. <a href="mailto:mariae.magraner@infomed.sld.cu">mariae.magraner@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Martha O'Farril S&aacute;nchez. M&eacute;dico especialista Primer Grado Pediatr&iacute;a </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Isabel L&oacute;pez Hern&aacute;ndez. M&eacute;dico especialista Primer Grado Pediatr&iacute;a </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Mar&iacute;a de los Angeles C&eacute;spedes Est&eacute;vez. M&eacute;dico especialista Primer Grado Pediatr&iacute;a </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Cecilia Yanes Morales. M&eacute;dico especialista Primer Grado Pediatr&iacute;a </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Gladis Escalante Collazo. M&eacute;dico especialista Primer Grado Microbiolog&iacute;a. Profesor asistente. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Hospital Pedi&aacute;trico Docente San Miguel del Padr&oacute;n. Ciudad Habana y LABCEL. Facultad “Miguel Enr&iacute;quez”. ISCMH </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">En los &uacute;ltimos a&ntilde;os despu&eacute;s de las exitosas campa&ntilde;as de vacunaci&oacute;n contra la Neisseria meningitidis y el Haemophilus influenzae se muestra una tendencia a elevarse el n&uacute;mero de casos con meningoencefalitis por Streptococus pneumoniae. Se estudian las caracter&iacute;sticas cl&iacute;nicas de una serie de 12 pacientes en edad pedi&aacute;trica con meningoencencefalitis por Streptococus pneumoniae que ingresaron en el Hospital Pedi&aacute;trico de San Miguel del Padr&oacute;n en el periodo de 1993-2006. Aunque no se han descrito condiciones epid&eacute;micas asociadas a esta bacteria, sus caracter&iacute;sticas y su modo de presentaci&oacute;n y afectaci&oacute;n a la poblaci&oacute;n infantil requieren de nuestra m&aacute;xima atenci&oacute;n y prioridad para garantizar un desenlace adecuado y que los afectados mantengan una buena calidad de vida sin posibles secuelas. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Introduction: In the last few years after a few useful vaccinations campaigns against Neisseria Meningitides and Haemophilus Influenzae, there's a tendency to a raise in Streptococcus Pneumoniae meningo-encephalitis. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Material and Methods: The clinical characteristics of 12 paediatric patients with meningo-encephalitis, which were admitted in the San Miguel del padron Paediatric Hospital from 1993-2006, were studied. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Results: The presence of the germ was confirmed by Gram tinction and microbiologic exam. Masculine was the predominant sex, more frequent age was that of infants. More frequent complications were cerebral oedema, hidromineral unbalance, convulsive status, respiratory distress, septic shock and multiorgan failure. Treatment was vancomicin and ceftriaxone, besides the symptomatic treatment, main sequel at short term was cerebral paralysis. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Conclusions: Even when there are no descriptions of epidemic conditions associated to this bacteria, its characteristics, presentation and affectation to the infant population deserves our outmost attention and priorities to grant an adequate termination and keep a proper life quality without sequelae </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">---- </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>MARCADORES EPIDEMIOLOGICOS DE CEPAS DE NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS: CUBA (1982-2002) </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. CM. Isabel Mart&iacute;nez. Especialista Segundo Grado Microbiolog&iacute;a, Investigador Titular. <a href="mailto:isabelm.motas@infomed.sld.cu">isabelm.motas@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. CM. Gustavo Sierra . Especialista Segundo Grado Inmunolog&iacute;a. Investigador Titular. Acad&eacute;mico Titular de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Lic. Niury N&uacute;&ntilde;ez Lic. Bioqu&iacute;mica. MSc. Bacteriolog&iacute;a-Micolog&iacute;a , </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Lic. Lu&iacute;s Izquierdo . Lic. Matem&aacute;tica. Investigador Agregado. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Lic. Mayelin Mirabal . Lic. Matem&aacute;tica. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Omar L&oacute;pez. Hospital Docente “Comandante Pinares” San Crist&oacute;bal, Pinar del R&iacute;o. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Niurka &Aacute;lvarez. CCPHE, Jag&uuml;ey Grande, Matanzas. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Ing. Pedro Rodr&iacute;guez. Instituto Finlay, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Como objetivo de este trabajo se trat&oacute; de identificar los marcadores epidemiol&oacute;gicos (serogrupo, serotipo, subtipo, inmunotipo), de cepas de N. meningitidis aisladas de enfermos y portadores durante 20 a&ntilde;os (1982-2002). </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Se investigaron 728 cepas: enfermos (383) y portadores (345), aisladas entre 1982-2002. Se identificaron los marcadores epidemiol&oacute;gicos de las cepas de N. meningitidis aisladas en Cuba durante 20 a&ntilde;os. Estos estudios apoyaron y permitieron la selecci&oacute;n de la cepa con la que se elabor&oacute; VA-MENGOC-BC &Ograve; . Los resultados obtenidos garantizaron una informaci&oacute;n microbiol&oacute;gica-epidemiol&oacute;gica oportuna, se contribuy&oacute; a establecer la historia microbiol&oacute;gica de las cepas circulantes, se aportaron datos de extraordinario valor al estudio, prevenci&oacute;n y control exitoso de la EM en Cuba, y se demostr&oacute; el impacto y vigencia de VA-MENGOC-BC &Ograve; contra las cepas de N. meningitidis B y C aisladas en la etapa postepid&eacute;mica. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="left" class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p align="left" class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p align="left" class="Estilo1">Introduction: Meningococcic's disease (MD) epidemic was the main health problem in the ‘80s . The existent epidemiological situation lead to the development of an antiminingococci's vaccine ( VA-MENGO-BC &Ograve; ) capable of controlling the epidemics. Neisseria Meningitides (NM) strands characterization isolated from sick people and bearers, gives valid information, go focus the strategy of production and improvement of vaccines against this micro organism. </p>     <p align="left" class="Estilo1">Objectives: To identify the epidemiological markers (serologic group, serotype, subtype, immune type ) of NM strands isolated from sick and bearers for 20 years (1982-2002) </p>     <p align="left" class="Estilo1">Material and Methods: Seventy hundred and twenty eight strands were investigated, 383 sick people and 345 bearers, isolated from 20 years since 1982. Having in consideration the incidence of the MD for its analysis and comparison the strands were distributed in two groups: a) Epidemic Stage:included isolation between 1982-1992( Incidence of MD from 1,3/100 000 inhabitants); b) Post epidemic Stage: Included strands from 1993-2002 ( Incidence of MD from 12,8-1,3/100 000 inhabitants) . The serologic grouping was done by conventional techniques and the determination of serologic subtypes and inmune types was done by ELISA of complete cells with AcM. Proportions were calculated, relative and absolute frequencies were calculated as well as test of X 2 or the exact test of Fisher 2 for the analysis and contingency tables. </p>     <p align="left" class="Estilo1">Conclusions: Epidemiological markers for NM isolated in Cuba were identified for 20 years. These studies supported and allowed the selection of the strand to manufacture the VA-MENGO-BC &Ograve; . The obtained results granted epidemiological microbiological information. It contributed to establish the microbiological story of the circulating strands. Valuable data was given to the studies, prevention and control of MD and it was demonstrated the successful impact of the VA-MENGO-BC &Ograve; against the B and C strands of NM isolated in post epidemic stage. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">----- </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>UTILIDAD DEL SCORE DE BOYER PARA EL DIAGNOSTICO DIFERENCIAL DE LAS MENINGOENCEFALITIS BACTERIANAS Y VIRICAS </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Dra. Maritza Fari&ntilde;as Gonz&aacute;lez. Especialista Primer Grado Pediatr&iacute;a. Profesora Asistente. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Mayda Iv&oacute;n Fierro Gallardo. Especialista Primer Grado Pediatr&iacute;a. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Iliana Robainas Fiallo. Especialista Primer Grado en Histolog&iacute;a. Profesor asistente. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Rolando Medina Dom&iacute;nguez. Especialista Primer Grado Pediatr&iacute;a. Profesor Instructor. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Hospital Pedi&aacute;trico Docente Provincial de Matanzas Eliseo “Noel” Caama&ntilde;o. : </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><a href="mailto:salmeida.mtz@infomed.sld.cu">salmeida.mtz@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Se realiza una investigaci&oacute;n observacional descriptiva con el prop&oacute;sito de evaluar la validez discriminatoria del Test de Boyer en el diagn&oacute;stico de las meningoencefalitis viral o bacteriana. El universo de trabajo est&aacute; constituido por 171 pacientes, quienes con ese diagn&oacute;stico ingresaron en nuestro hospital en el per&iacute;odo 2003-2005. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Todas las meningoencefalitis bacterianas tuvieron una puntuaci&oacute;n en la aplicaci&oacute;n del test que coincid&iacute;a con el diagn&oacute;stico. En cuanto a las meningoencefalitis vitales, 21 casos (14%) no pudieron ser discriminadas mediante el test, el que las planteaba como dudosas, (en estos casos se especifica comenzar tratamiento como si se tratara de una meningoencefalitis bacteriana).Los resultados obtenidos confirman la validez del Score de Boyer, .seg&uacute;n la bibliograf&iacute;a internacional consultada. Se recomienda la aplicaci&oacute;n del Score de Boyer en el cuerpo de guardia de nuestro hospital. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">A descriptive, observational investigation is made with the purpose to evaluate the discriminatory validity of the Boyer Test in the diagnosis of meningo encephalitis either viral or bacterial. The universe is constituted by 171 patients that were admitted in our hospital from 2003 to 2005. To each one of the patients was evaluated the test, and to each was assigned a value between zero and two points and the summitry of both is the validity of the test. All the bacterial meningo encephalitis had a punctuation that was coincident with the diagnosis. As far as viral meningoencephalitis was concerned, 14% couldn't be discriminated by the test, in those cases, it is recommended to start treatment as a bacterial meningoencephalitis. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">---- </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>IMPLEMENTACION DEL SISTEMA REGULADOR PARA EL CONTROL DE CALIDAD EXTERNO EN LABCEL. EXPERIENCIA INTERNACIONAL CON INSTAND.</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">ATD Alexis Rodr&iacute;guez Rey, T&eacute;cnico de laboratorio especialista en Pedagog&iacute;a. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">ATD Marlen Gonz&aacute;lez Hern&aacute;ndez, T&eacute;cnico de laboratorio especialista en Hematolog&iacute;a </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. C Alberto J Dorta Contreras, Investigador y Profesor titular. <a href="mailto:adorta@infomed.sld.cu">adorta@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Elena Noris Garc&iacute;a, M&eacute;dica. Investigador Auxiliar y especialista Segundo Grado Inmunolog&iacute;a. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Lic. B&aacute;rbara Padilla Docal. Lic. C. Biol&oacute;gicas, Investigador Agregado y profesora instructora </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Hermes Fundora Hern&aacute;ndez. M&eacute;dico Especialista en MGI y Residente Inmunolog&iacute;a. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Laboratorio Central de L&iacute;quido Cefalorraqu&iacute;deo    (LABCEL) <a href="mailto:labcel@infomed.sld.cu">labcel@infomed.sld.cu</a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">En todo laboratorio debe existir un control de calidad que permita garantizar las buenas pr&aacute;cticas, ya que esto repercute directamente en la atenci&oacute;n de los servicios de salud. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Existen en Cuba un sistema regulador que controla la calidad externa que data de hace algunos a&ntilde;os; pero, en cambio, existen otros laboratorios que no realizan precisamente las pruebas de rutina de los laboratorios cl&iacute;nicos que no son beneficiados con este tipo de sistema de regulaci&oacute;n para el control de la calidad. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Por ejemplo, nuestro laboratorio fundado en el 2004 es un laboratorio especializado en el estudio del l&iacute;quido cefalorraqu&iacute;deo que tiene entre sus funciones sustantivas el trabajo de investigaci&oacute;n, la docencia y el trabajo asistencial a todo el pa&iacute;s con un alto valor agregado. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Es por ello que se hace imprescindible la existencia de un control de calidad que acredite nuestros resultados. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es el de exponer la experiencia de nuestro laboratorio con el control de calidad externo INSTAND que utilizan los laboratorios de la Uni&oacute;n Europea. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">LABCEL ha logrado estar entre los laboratorios del primer mundo en cuanto a los resultados de su sistema reguladora de las buenas pr&aacute;cticas de laboratorio lo cual significa que actualmente sea el &uacute;nico laboratorio de su tipo acreditado y validado por INSTAND en nuestro pa&iacute;s, </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Introduction: Our laboratory was founded in 2004, is a laboratory specialized in the stuy of the CSF , that has, among its functions, research work, docency and assistance work to the whole country with a high added value. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">Therefore is so necessary the existence of an assistencial control that acreditates our results. The main of our work is to expose the experience of our laboratory in contrast to the external quality control INSTAND that the European Union utilises. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Material and Methods: We utilised the external quality controllers INSTAND that regulates quality of the specialised clinical laboratories on the European Union. In our experience we proceeded to evaluate quantification of Albumin and IgG in serum by radial inmunedifussion. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Results: The international INSTAND samples were processed. We could certify the method of radial immune diffusion for Albumin and IgG in serum and CSF. Seven received maximum qualification category of ZERTIFICAT that the German legislation provides and one parameter reached the RICHTIG category. In connection with the evaluation of measure albumin/IgG it reached the maximum category in all cases as well as the evaluation of the interpretation of the results. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Conclusions: LABCEL has accomplished to be among the laboratories in the first world, as well as the results of its regulatory system of good laboratory practices , which means that today is the only laboratory accredited by INSTAND in our country. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">--- </p>     <p align="center" class="Estilo1"><strong>INFECCION POR VIRUS DE EPSTEIN-BARR. A PROPOSITO DE UN CASO. </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Luis Alberto Solar Salaverri. Especialista Primer Grado en Pediatr&iacute;a. MSc en Infectolog&iacute;a. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dr. Rinaldo Puga G&oacute;mez. Especialista Segundo Grado en Pediatr&iacute;a. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1"><a href="mailto:solar@infomed.sld.cu">solar@infomed.sld.cu </a></p>     <p class="Estilo1">Hospital Pedi&aacute;trico Universitario de Centro Habana. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p>     <p class="Estilo1">El Virus de Epstein-Barr (VEB), perteneciente a la familia Herpesviridae infecta m&aacute;s de 90 % de la poblaci&oacute;n mundial y persiste durante toda la vida del individuo. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">La habilidad del virus para persistir en el organismo a pesar de los potentes efectores de la respuesta inmune, indica que este microorganismo ha desarrollado estrategias para evadirlos.La infecci&oacute;n cr&oacute;nica activa por VEB es una condici&oacute;n poco frecuente definida por la presencia de enfermedad de mas de seis meses de duraci&oacute;n, asociada a t&iacute;tulos anormales de anticuerpos, evidencia histol&oacute;gica de enfermedad visceral y demostraci&oacute;n de ant&iacute;genos o material nuclear del virus en los tejidos. Se presenta y discute un paciente con inmunodeficiencia celular asociada a fiebre prolongada, poliadenopat&iacute;as y disfunci&oacute;n medular: E.R.M, escolar de 10 a&ntilde;os que ingresa con historia de fiebre de 38.5 grados cent&iacute;grados con episodios de intermitencia, de 3 meses de evoluci&oacute;n asociado a s&iacute;ndrome de poliadenopat&iacute;as. Antecedente de S&iacute;ndrome Mononucle&oacute;sico a los 8 a&ntilde;os. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">.Durante la hospitalizaci&oacute;n, desarrolla cuadro de obstrucci&oacute;n nasal bilateral a predominio del lado derecho,&Ccedil;; se demuestra masa polipoidea en Seno Maxilar derecho que se extrae la cual se desarrolla a los dos meses en seno contralateral. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">A los 4 meses del ingreso comienza con incontinencia urinaria que se interpreta por estudio imagenol&oacute;gico de medula y funcional urinario como Mielopat&iacute;a relacionada con infecci&oacute;n por VEB. Se concluye que nuestro paciente es portador de infecci&oacute;n cr&oacute;nica activa por VEB asociada a inmunodeficiencia celular severa y d&eacute;ficit de activaci&oacute;n opsono-fagoc&iacute;tico. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">&nbsp; </p>     <p class="Estilo1">Epstein Barr Virus ( EBV) , belongs to the family of herpesviridae, it infects more than 90% of the world population and persists all the life of the individual. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">The B lymphocytes of memory are the main site of persistence of the virus producing a hum oral and cellular immune response, being the last the one more important for the control of the infection. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">The ability of the virus to persist in the organism in spite of the potent effectors of the immune response indicates that this micro organism has developed strategies to evade them. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">The active chronic infection by EBV is an infrequent condition defined by the presence of the disease for more than six months associated to normal titters of antibodies, histological evidence of visceral disease and demonstration of nuclear material of the virus in tissues. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">The CNS affectation by direct action of the virus or by the mediated immune response is described as much as a complication of the first infection or as a sequel of the chronic infection, being able to affect from the encephalon to the terminal roots of the spine with a moderate to severe affection. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">We present a patient with a cellular immune deficiency associated to prolonged fever , multiple adenopathies and medullar dysfunction. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">E.R.M. , a scholar of 10 years, is admitted with a history of fever of 38,5 grades centigrades with intermittent periods of 3 months of evolution, associated to a multiple adenopathies syndrome. He has a previous history of mononucleosis at the age of 8 years. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">We extract the cervical gland, where it is established, by histological exam, an infection by the virus of the Epstein Barr virus. Increasing titters of IgG are obtained and DNA in CSF . The immunological study shows a cellular immune deficiency and weak phagocitic activity. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">During hospitalization, he develops a bilateral nasal obstruction, mostly of the right side, showing a polyploidy mass in the Maxillary sinus, which is extracted after two months in the contra lateral sinus. </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p class="Estilo1">After 4 months of admission, starts with urinary incontinence which is interpreted by imagenollogical studies as a mielopathy related to the EBV. We start treatment with inmune modulators such as Transference Factor and Immunoglobulin via IV. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">It is concluded that our patient bears an active chronic infection by EBV associated with cellular immune deficiency and lack of activation opsono-phagocitic. </p>     <p class="Estilo1">___________</p>     <p class="Estilo1">&nbsp;</p>     <p class="Estilo1">Dra. Alina Alerm Gonz&aacute;lez <a href="mailto:alina.alerm@infomed.sld.cu">alina.alerm@infomed.sld.cu</a></p>      ]]></body>
</article>
