<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1729-519X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev haban cienc méd]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1729-519X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1729-519X2018000400603</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Fundamentos de la lectura interpretada del antibiograma para médicos de asistencia clínica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Basic principles of reading and understanding antibiograms for attending physicians]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mederos Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Presedo Llanes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larrea Fabra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roberto Radamés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana Hospital Docente Clínico Quirúrgico &#8220;Comandante Manuel Fajardo&#8221; ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Pediátrico Universitario &#8220;William Soler&#8221;  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>603</fpage>
<lpage>619</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1729-519X2018000400603&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1729-519X2018000400603&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1729-519X2018000400603&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: La resistencia bacteriana amenaza la efectividad de todos los antibióticos disponibles en la actualidad. Como parte de las acciones para mejora del uso de antimicrobianos, la lectura interpretada del antibiograma surge como una herramienta clave en la optimización del uso de antimicrobianos.  Objetivo: Exponer las ideas fundamentales tras la lectura interpretada del antibiograma, orientadas hacia los médicos de asistencia clínica de centros que solo dispongan de microbiología básica en sus laboratorios.  Material y métodos:  Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en la base de datos MEDLINE de información biomédica a través del motor PubMed, además del Google Académico. Para artículos publicados en revistas cubanas, se revisó la biblioteca virtual electrónica ScIELO.  Resultados:  Se describe el enfoque de la lectura interpretada del antibiograma en dos grupos de bacterias: los cocos Gram positivos y los bacilos Gram negativos, con énfasis en aquellos resultados que se pueden obtener con los recursos disponibles en la mayoría de los laboratorios en el país. Se señalan además los casos en que es de extrema importancia la determinación de la concentración mínima inhibitoria para la obtención de resultados satisfactorios respecto a la evolución del paciente. Son mencionadas adicionalmente algunas alternativas terapéuticas para gérmenes multirresistentes.  Conclusiones:  Convertir la lectura interpretada del antibiograma en un acto cotidiano es una necesidad impostergable, que requiere además de los conocimientos básicos, una estrecha interrelación entre el clínico y el laboratorio de microbiología y la disponibilidad de recursos mínimos, como los discos de antibióticos marcadores.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: Bacterial resistance threatens the effectiveness of all available antibiotics at present. Interpretive reading of the antibiogram emerges as a key element for an optimal use of these unique drugs as part of the actions for the improvement of antimicrobial use.  Objective:  To present basic ideas directed to attending physicians from centers with basic microbiology resources at their disposal, after an interpretive reading of the antibiogram.  Material and Methods: A systematic search on MEDLINE database was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. A search on the Scientific Electronic Virtual Library Online - SciELO was used for the articles published in Cuban magazines.  Results: The review is focused mainly to two groups of bacteria: Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli, making an emphasis on the results that can be obtained with the resources, which are available in most laboratories of the country. Cases where the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration is of extreme importance to obtain satisfactory results regarding the patients´ evolution are also pointed out. In addition, some therapeutic alternatives for multi-resistant germs are presented.  Conclusions: To turn the interpretive reading of the antibiogram into a daily act is an extremely urgent need that requires, besides the basic knowledge, a close relationship between the clinician and the microbiology lab, as well as a group of basic resources such as key antibiotics discs.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Antibiograma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lectura interpretada]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[farmacorresistencia bacteriana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antibacterianos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[betalactamasas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[política de antibióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Antibiogram]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Interpretive Reading]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Anti-Bacterial Agents]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bacterial Drug Resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Beta-lactamases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Antibiotics Policy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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