<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1729-519X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev haban cienc méd]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1729-519X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1729-519X2023000500005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Causas de investigación científica cuestionable a través de la percepción de residentes de especialidades médicas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Causes of questionable scientific research through medical specialties residents perception]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monzón Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maicel E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaple Gil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alain Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Nacional Coordinador de Ensayos Clínicos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana Facultad de Ciencias Médicas &#8220;Victoria de Girón&#8221; ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Chile Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Temuco ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1729-519X2023000500005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1729-519X2023000500005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1729-519X2023000500005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: La fabricación de datos, la falsificación y el plagio son consideradas formas graves de mala conducta científica.  Objetivo: Identificar evidencias de mala conducta y las condiciones favorecedoras más comunes que perciben los residentes de las especialidades médicas de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana.  Material y Métodos: Investigación descriptiva transversal en la que fueron encuestados residentes de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. Se aplicó un cuestionario sobre práctica de mala conducta científica en dos escenarios independientes (Clase regular y evaluación). Se trabajó con la variable inconducta científica y sus tipos y otras de tipo demográfica. Se realizó una prueba de asociación bayesiana con la versión 0.9 de la Biblioteca de R nombrada Bayes-Factor con los estándares predeterminados y un plan de muestreo multinomial con los totales de las columnas fijos. Bajo la hipótesis nula se asume que columna tienen las mismas probabilidades en la distribución multinomial.  Resultados: El plagio fue el tipo de mala práctica más común seguida de la fabricación de datos y la falsificación de resultados. La prueba de asociación bayesiana realizada da como resultado una probabilidad de 0,309 (FB &lt; 1) a favor de la Hipótesis nula que sugiere independencia entre las variables grupo e inconducta científica.  Conclusiones: Existe evidencia que además del plagio otras formas de mala conducta científica como la fabricación y falsificación de resultados pueden estar presentes en nuestro medio. Sin embargo, este tipo de práctica es considerada injustificada por la generalidad de los entrevistados. La presión tiene un papel importante como causa de inconducta científica y aumenta el riesgo cuando están presentes otros factores como la deshonestidad, el desconocimiento y desinterés.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: Data fabrication, falsification and plagiarism are considered serious forms of scientific misconduct.  Objective: To identify evidence of misconduct and the most common favorable conditions perceived by residents of the medical specialties of the University of Medical Sciences of Havana.  Material and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive research in which residents of the University of Medical Sciences of Havana were surveyed. A questionnaire on the practice of scientific misconduct was applied in two independent settings (regular class and evaluation). We worked with the scientific misconduct variable and its types, and other variables of a demographic type. A Bayesian association test was performed using version 0.9 of the R Library called the Bayes factor with default standards and a multinomial sampling plan with fixed column totals. Under the null hypothesis it is assumed that columns have the same probabilities in the multinomial distribution.  Results: Plagiarism was the most common type of malpractice followed by fabrication of data and falsification of results. The Bayesian association test carried out results in a probability of 0.309 (FB &lt; 1) in favor of the null hypothesis, which suggests independence between the group variables and scientific misconduct.  Conclusions: There is evidence that, in addition to plagiarism, other forms of scientific misconduct such as the fabrication and falsification of results may be present in our environment. However, this type of practice is considered unjustified by the majority of the interviewees. Pressure plays an important role as a cause of scientific misconduct and increases the risk when other factors such as dishonesty, ignorance and disinterest are present.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Plagio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mala conducta científica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[médicos residentes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[falsificación de resultados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Plagiarism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[scientific misconduct]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[medical staff]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hospital]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[falsification of results]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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