<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1815-5928</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería Electrónica, Automática y Comunicaciones]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[EAC]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1815-5928</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana José Antonio Echeverría, Cujae]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1815-59282021000300031</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Conductor break detection in distribution system through negative sequence voltage]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Detección de rotura del conductor en el sistema de distribución mediante tensión de secuencia negative]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Ávila Dilli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Murilo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manduca Araújo do Nascimento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Helder]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caparrós da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jadiel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Federal University of Tocantins - UFT - Campus of Palmas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Paulista State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>31</fpage>
<lpage>44</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1815-59282021000300031&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1815-59282021000300031&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1815-59282021000300031&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Este artículo analiza la eficiencia de la Tensión de Secuencia Negativa (TSN) aplicada a la detección y distinción de la rotura del conductor, en comparación con otras perturbaciones de tensión y conmutación que ocurren comúnmente en el Sistema de Distribución (SD). La metodología aplicada es sencilla y práctica para ser implementada en los SDs. El sistema de distribución utilizado para extraer las características de las señales de voltaje fue el alimentador de prueba de la IEEE 34 nodos, que se modeló utilizando el software ATPTM. Utilizando el software Octave, se agregó un ruido gaussiano blanco a las señales trifásicas y el método se considera inmune al ruido. En seguida, la señal se filtró a través de un filtro Butterworth de segundo orden con una frecuencia de corte de 180 Hz. Posteriormente, los voltajes trifásicos filtrados VA, VB y VC se dividieron en ventanas en cada ciclo (&#947;), con una frecuencia de muestreo de 128 muestras por ciclo. A continuación, los fasores se calcularon utilizando la Transformada Rápida de Fourier. Finalmente, con la intención de lograr el menor número de implementación de dispositivos de medición y así reducir los costes operativos del sistema, el sistema de distribución se implementó en el software GAMS que, mediante un proceso iterativo, establece que todos los nodos del sistema son visibles usando el mínimo número de medidores de tensión. El análisis de los resultados indica que la detección y distinción de la rotura del conductor a través del TSN ocurrió de manera eficiente, distinguiéndola de otros eventos del sistema, por lo tanto, muestra una metodología eficiente, robusta y confiable para ayudar en la corrección de perturbaciones en el sistema eléctrico, proporcionando mayor confiabilidad y calidad en el SD.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the efficiency of Negative Sequence Voltage (NSV) applied to the detection and distinction of the Conductor Break, compared to other voltage disturbances and switching that commonly occur in the Distribution System (DS). The methodology applied is simple and practical to be implemented in DSs. The distribution system used to extract characteristics of the voltage signals was the IEEE 34 nodes test feeder, which was modeled using the ATPTM software. Using Octave software, a white Gaussian noise was added to the three-phase signals and the method is considered immune to noise. Then, the signal was filtered through a second order Butterworth filter with cut-off frequency of 180 Hz. Posteriorly, the filtered three-phase voltages V  A , V  B and V  C were windowed at each cycle (&#947;), with a sample rate of 128 samples per cycle. Then, the phasors were calculated using the Fast Fourier Transform. Finally, in order to achieve the lowest number of measuring devices implementation and thus reduce system operating costs, the distribution system was implemented in the GAMS software which, through an iterative process, provides that all system buses are observable using the minimum number of voltage meters. Analysis of the results indicates that the detection and distinction of the conductor break through the NSV occurred efficiently, distinguishing it from other system events using only two meters in the test system used in this paper, therefore, showing an efficient, robust and reliable methodology to aid in the correction of disturbances in the electrical system, providing greater reliability and quality in DS.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[conductor break]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[detection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[distribution system]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[negative sequence voltage]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[event distinction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[rotura del conductor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[detección]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistema de distribución]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[voltaje de secuencia negativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[distinción de eventos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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