<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1815-5944</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería Mecánica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería Mecánica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1815-5944</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica. Instituto Superior Politécnico "José Antonio Echeverría"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1815-59442019000100049</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Optimization of pipe networks by genetic algorithm employing the colebrook correlation]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Optimización de redes de tuberías por algoritmo genético que emplea la correlación de colebrook]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Souza-Antunes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[dos Santos-Loureiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antônio-Scola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luís]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira-de-Vasconcellos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[João Flávio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Federal University of São João del-Rei Thermal Sciences and Fluids Department ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Minas Gerais]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,State University of Rio de Janeiro Polytechnic Institute Mechanical and Energy Department]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Rio de Janeiro]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>49</fpage>
<lpage>56</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1815-59442019000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1815-59442019000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1815-59442019000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper presents an optimization procedure for identifying the minimum cost of water pipe networks considering a table of commercial diameters. To this end, a real-coding Genetic Algorithm (GA) with the use of a simulated binary and convex crossover and mutation per variable; as well as a dynamic penalty strategywasdeveloped. A computer program to solve the hydraulic model based on the Newton-Raphson method wasdevelopedfor calculating the head loss using Hazen-Williams (HW) and Colebrook correlations. By analyzing a benchmark pipe network example, it is shown that different results are obtained by the HW and Colebrook correlations. Moreover, when simulating the best HW pipe network configuration with the Colebrook correlation, some constraints of the design are violated, indicating that the Colebrook formulation is more adequate to be used in conjunction with the GA due to the randomness of the GA with respect to the Reynolds numbers.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo presentó un procedimiento para identificar el costo mínimo de redes de tuberías para agua considerando los diámetros comerciales diponibles. Para esto, fue desarrollado un Algoritmo Genético (AG) de codificación real con el uso de un cruzamiento binario simulado y convexo, mutación por variable y penalización dinámica. El método de Newton-Raphson es utilizado para calcular las pérdidas de carga empleando las correlaciónes de Hazen-Williams (HW) y Colebrook. Analisando una red de tuberías benchmark, es posible observar que los resultados obtenidos mediante el uso de las correlaciones de HW y Colebrook son diferentes. Además, al simular la mejor configuración de red de tuberías de HW con la correlación de Colebrook, se observa que algunas restricciones del diseño son violadas, lo que indica que la formulación de Colebrook es más adecuada para ser utilizada junto con la AG debido a la aleatoriedad del AG con respecto a los números de Reynolds.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pipe networks]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hazen-Williams]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[colebrook]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[optimization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genetic algorithm]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[redes de tuberías]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hazen-williams]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[colebrook]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[optimización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[algoritmo genético]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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