<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1990-8644</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Conrado]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Conrado]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1990-8644</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Universo Sur]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1990-86442023000100283</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Validación psicométrica de la escala de interacción en contextos virtuales en escolares de Perú]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Psychometric validation of the interaction in virtual contexts scale in Peruvian schoolchildren]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Bringas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Teresa Cecilia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandoval-Arteta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ojeda Mercado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giancarlo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Lima]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>90</numero>
<fpage>283</fpage>
<lpage>296</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1990-86442023000100283&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1990-86442023000100283&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1990-86442023000100283&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La educación a distancia y las TIC han generado una nueva forma de entender las interacciones que ocurren en contextos virtuales de aprendizaje. Los ambientes virtuales permiten un intercambio continuo entre alumnos, con sus docentes y con los materiales didácticos, lo cual tiene repercusiones para el logro de la educación a distancia en múltiples países. En la literatura latinoamericana existen importantes vacíos de información sobre los procesos educativos ocurridos durante la virtualidad. En este sentido, la Escala de Interacción en Contextos Virtuales (Berridi et al., 2015) constituye un instrumento adecuado para entender el fenómeno de la interacción virtual en la población escolar. Se realizó una validación psicométrica de este instrumento, en estudiantes de 4º y 5º de secundaria de Lima (n = 321). En el AFE se obtuvo una estructura de tres factores que explican el 93.1% de la varianza. En el AFC se identificaron adecuados niveles de bondad de ajuste, así como validez convergente entre factores (p &lt; 0.001) y divergente (&#946; &lt; 0.8). Asimismo, se obtuvieron adecuados coeficientes de confiabilidad por consistencia interna para el cuestionario final (&#945; = 0.901; &#969; = 0.904). Se discuten las implicancias de los resultados para su aplicación en contextos educativos peruanos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Distance education and ICTs have generated a new way of understanding the interactions that occur in virtual learning contexts. Virtual environments allow a continuous exchange among students, with their teachers, and didactic materials, which has repercussions for the achievement of distance education in many countries. In Latin American literature there are important gaps in the information on the educational processes occurring during virtuality. In this sense, the Interaction in Virtual Contexts Scale (Berridi et al., 2015) constitutes an adequate instrument to understand the phenomenon of virtual interaction in the school population. A psychometric validation of this instrument was conducted on high school students in Lima (n = 321). The AFE obtained a three-factor structure that explains 93.1% of the variance. In the CFA, adequate goodness of fit was identified, as well as convergent validity between factors (p &lt; 0.001) and divergent validity (&#946; &lt; 0.8). Likewise, adequate internal consistency reliability coefficients were obtained for the final questionnaire (&#945; = 0.901; &#969; = 0.904). The implications of the results for their application in Peruvian educational contexts are discussed.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Validez]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Confiabilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Interacción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Contextos virtuales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Escolares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Validity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Reliability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Interaction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Virtual contexts]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[School]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arrieta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moneta Pizarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[¿Cómo medir la interacción en entornos virtuales de enseñanza y aprendizaje? Aplicación de un modelo de análisis factorial exploratorio]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Repositorio Digital Universitario]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Regional Universitario Córdova]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barberá-Gregori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez-Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluación de la educación digital y digitalización de la evaluación]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[RIED. Revista Iberoamericana de Educación a Distancia]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berridi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Cabrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validación de una escala de interacción en contextos virtuales de aprendizaje]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castellaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peralta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pensar el conocimiento escolar desde el socioconstructivismo: interacción, construcción y contexto.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Perfiles educativos]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>168</numero>
<issue>168</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Contraloría General de la República</collab>
<source><![CDATA[44% de alumnos de colegios públicos considera insuficiente medio virtual usado para dictado de clases &#8220;Aprendo en casa&#8221;]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gobierno del Perú]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Juanes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La interactividad en ambientes virtuales en el posgrado]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Educación Superior]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Evnitskaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Classroom Interaction and Language Learning in CLIL contexts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CLIL. Journal of Innovation and Research in Plurilingual and Pluricultural Education]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>7-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Chitiva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D. P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aprendizaje colaborativo, mediado por internet, en procesos de educación superior]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Electrónica Educare]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Arteta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobar-Mamani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educación virtual en tiempos de pandemia: incremento de la desigualdad social en el Perú.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chakiñan, Revista De Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>15</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Black]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Multivariate Data Analysis]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pearson]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Sellés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La importancia de la interacción en el aprendizaje en entornos virtuales en tiempos del COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Publicaciones]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Teacher-Student Interaction, Student-Student Interaction and Social Presence: Their Impacts on Learning Engagement in Online Learning Environments]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Genetic Psychology]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>183</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moneta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Determinantes del desempeño académico en Educación a Distancia: aplicación de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Cór]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ríos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La internet y la post-pandemia de COVID-19 en estudiantes de salud: ¿llegaron para quedarse?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
<page-range>55-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.-L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.-Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.-Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.-R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.-Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.-T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Influence of Teacher-Student Interaction on the Effects of Online Learning: Based on a Serial Mediating Model]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Frontiers in Psychology]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>779217</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Willermark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Who&#8217;s There? Characterizing Interaction in Virtual Classrooms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Educational Computing Research]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yarmand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solyst]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klemmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weibel.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;It feels like I am talking into a void&#8221;: Understanding interaction gaps in synchronous online classrooms]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '21)]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>New York, NY, USA </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.-H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Student interaction and the role of the teacher in a state virtual high school: what predicts online learning satisfaction?.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Technology, Pedagogy and Education]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
