<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1990-8644</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Conrado]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Conrado]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1990-8644</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Universo Sur]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1990-86442023000600051</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Formación académica de los ingenieros civiles en la competencia de rigidez en el tablero de puentes]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Academic training of civil engineers in bridge deck stiffness competence]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cevallos Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Katherin Viviana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maldonado Noboa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Sebastián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mantilla Suin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Stalin Paul]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maldonado Noboa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cesar Humberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Católica de Cuenca  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>95</numero>
<fpage>51</fpage>
<lpage>65</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1990-86442023000600051&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1990-86442023000600051&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1990-86442023000600051&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La investigación se centró en mejorar la formación académica de ingenieros civiles al abordar la evaluación estructural de puentes de hormigón armado mediante la aplicación de técnicas de ensayo no destructivo y análisis computacionales avanzados. El estudio se llevó a cabo utilizando un enfoque interdisciplinario que incluyó varias etapas clave. En primer lugar, se realizó un levantamiento topográfico del puente utilizando un dron y equipo RTK para medir con precisión la deflexión de la losa del puente. La experimentación incluyó un escenario simulado de carga dinámica utilizando un camión de 21.190 Kg, emulando condiciones reales de tráfico a una velocidad de 70 km/h. Para evaluar la integridad del puente de manera no destructiva, se emplearon diferentes herramientas, como un esclerómetro y un escáner, para localizar el acero de refuerzo en la estructura. Estos datos proporcionaron información adicional sobre el comportamiento dinámico del puente. Uno de los hallazgos clave de este estudio fue la identificación de una discrepancia del 6.38% entre los datos obtenidos a través de las pruebas y las predicciones realizadas utilizando el modelo SAP2000. Este resultado destacó la importancia de ajustar y mejorar el modelo estructural para que se corresponda de manera más precisa con la realidad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The research focused on improving the academic training of civil engineers by addressing the structural evaluation of reinforced concrete bridges through the application of nondestructive testing techniques and advanced computational analysis. The study was conducted using an interdisciplinary approach that included several key steps. First, a topographic survey of the bridge was conducted using a drone and RTK equipment to accurately measure the deflection of the bridge slab. Experimentation included a simulated dynamic loading scenario using a 21,190 kg truck, emulating real traffic conditions at a speed of 70 km/h. To evaluate the integrity of the bridge in a non-destructive manner, different tools, such as a sclerometer and a scanner, were used to locate the reinforcing steel in the structure. These data provided additional information on the dynamic behavior of the bridge. One of the key findings of this study was the identification of a 6.38% discrepancy between the data obtained through testing and the predictions made using the SAP2000 model. This result highlighted the importance of adjusting and improving the structural model to more accurately match reality.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Formación académica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Competencias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Puente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vibración ambiental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Topografía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pachometría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Academic training]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Competencies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bridge]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Environmental vibration]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Surveying]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pachometry]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguiar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[GERISI-Seismic risk management in structures and non-structural elements of school buildings View project]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>American Institute of Steel Construction</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[AISC 341-16. Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>402</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>American Society of Civil Engineers</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ASCE/SEI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quishpe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Reparación de puentes de hormigón colapsados, mediante la instalación de sistemas estructurales de acero]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>El Universo</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Colapsa puente en vía que conecta Manabí con Guayas; cinco personas heridas]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>El Universo</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Colapsa puente sobre río Blanco que une zonas de la Costa y Sierra]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erazo Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Capital intelectual y gestión de innovación: Pequeñas y medianas empresas de cuero y calzado en Tungurahua-Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista De Ciencias Sociales]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>230-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kusunoki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hinata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hattori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tasai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new method for evaluating the real&#8208;time residual seismic capacity of existing structures using accelerometers: Structures with multiple degrees of freedom]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Japan Architectural Review]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>77-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loaiza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Colapsó un puente en Ecuador y dejó atrapados a camiones y autos]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Infobae]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matamoros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Evaluación de colapso del puente atirnatado Yanango]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional del Centro de Perú]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molnar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cassidy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castellaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cornou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hunter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsushima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Sesma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Application of Microtremor Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (MHVSR) Analysis for Site Characterization: State of the Art]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Surveys in Geophysics]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>613-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estudio de las causas del colapso de algunos puentes en Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ingenieria Y Universidad]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>33-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ongpeng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oreta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hirose]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Contact and Noncontact Ultrasonic Nondestructive Test in Reinforced Concrete Beam]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hindawi]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>2018</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ritta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Massa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiappero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Processing of ambient vibration records for the estimation of the fundamental vibration period of soil deposits]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Latin America Transactions]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>300-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>RT en Español</collab>
<source><![CDATA[El desbordamiento de un río en Ecuador causa el colapso de un puente]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
