<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2071-0054</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Ciencias Técnicas Agropecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cie Téc Agr]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2071-0054</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Agraria de La Habana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2071-00542020000100004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Determination of Net Soil Erosion Rate Using 137Cs in a Slope Agroecosystem]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Determinación de tasas de erosión neta de suelo utilizando 137Cs en un agroecosistema de ladera]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ojeda-Falcón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alonso David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez-Quintero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Olgioly]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Central de Venezuela Facultad de Ciencias Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Centro de Ecología Aplicada, Laboratorio de Agroecología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Caracas]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Central de Venezuela Facultad de Ingeniería Escuela Básica, Laboratorio de Investigación]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Caracas]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2071-00542020000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2071-00542020000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2071-00542020000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The severe and moderate erosion of soils has caused the degradation of 80% of the agricultural land of the planet. Sloping agriculture, without soil conservation measures, together with the occurrence of extreme climatic events, increasingly frequent, as a consequence of climate change, has accelerated these phenomena, at rates of 5-7 million degraded hectares/year. In this work, 137Cs, an anthropogenic environmental radionuclide, was used to estimate soil erosion rates in a vegetable agroecosystem located in Waraira Repano National Park, Vargas State, Venezuela. With this aim, three soil cores were extracted, sectioned at depths of 0-20; 20-40 and 40-60 cm, in each of the 26 and 28 equidistant vertices distributed in the study and reference sites, respectively. Measuring the activity of 137Cs in each depth, it was possible to establish the contrasting patterns of its distribution within the profiles; and through the use of conversion, Proportional and Mass Balance I models, the estimation of erosion rates was obtained. These showed gross and net erosion rates of 24.7 and 39.7; and 19.8 and 29.3, Mg ha-1 year-1, respectively. The benefits of nuclear techniques in soil erosion and redistribution studies are confirmed; allowing forecasting prospectively and retrospectively, the vulnerability of the productive capacity of the soils, which compromises the sustainability of agriculture, particularly in soils that are very susceptible to erosion, when their degree of water saturation is exceeded.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La erosión severa y moderada de los suelos ha ocasionado la degradación de un 80% de las tierras agrícolas del planeta. La agricultura en pendiente, sin medidas de conservación de suelos, unida a la ocurrencia de eventos climáticos extremos, cada vez más frecuentes, como consecuencia del cambio climático, han acelerado estos fenómenos, a tasas de 5-7 millones de hectáreas degradadas/año. En este trabajo se utilizó la espectroscopía gamma para determinar la actividad del 137Cs, un radionúclido ambiental de origen antrópico, para estimar las tasas de erosión de suelo, en un agroecosistema de hortalizas, ubicado en el Parque Nacional Waraira Repano, estado Vargas, Venezuela. Con este objetivo, se extrajeron tres núcleos de suelo, seccionados a las profundidades: 0-20; 20-40 y 40-60 cm, en cada uno los 26 y 28 vértices equi distante, distribuidos en los sitios de estudio y referencia, respectivamente. La actividad del 137Cs determinada en cada profundidad, permitió establecer patrones contrastantes de su distribución en los perfiles; y sirvió para estimar las tasas de erosión, mediante los modelos de conversión, Proporcional y de Balance de Masas I, que arrojaron tasas de erosión bruta y neta de: 24,7 y 39,7; y 19,8 y 29,3, Mg ha-1 año-1, respectivamente. Los beneficios de las técnicas nucleares, permiten además, determinar la redistribución de los suelos; y prever prospectiva y retrospectivamente, la vulnerabilidad de la capacidad productiva de los suelos, que compromete la sustentabilidad de la agricultura, particularmente en suelos muy susceptibles a la erosión, al sobrepasar su grado de saturación hídrica.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Degradation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Soil Conservation Conversion Models]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gamma Spectroscopy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[degradación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conservación de suelos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelos de conversión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[espectroscopía gamma]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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