<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2073-6061</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cofin Habana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cofin]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2073-6061</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial UH]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2073-60612024000200005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Innovación y competitividad en el comercio colombiano: un análisis del sector mayorista y minorista en Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Innovation and competitiveness in colombian trade: an analysis of the wholesale and retail sector in Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemos Pinzón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nancy Johanna]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nauzán Ceballos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Víctor Hugo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación Universitaria Iberoamericana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2073-60612024000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2073-60612024000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2073-60612024000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El sector terciario en Colombia es uno de mayor empuje y empleabilidad que tiene el país, lo que lo hace vulnerable ante cualquier crisis que se afronte, como también es un impulsor de otras actividades cuando en ellas se introducen procesos e innovación. Por ello la investigación tiene como propósito encontrar las características más importantes de las actividades del comercio (al por mayor y al por menor), pertenecientes al sector terciario, que puedan generar procesos de innovación e impacto en la economía. Este objetivo es alcanzable mediante la utilización de un modelo Logit en el cual se encontró que variables como tipo de empresa, los contratos que se tienen con el sector público, el grado de educación, la intervención de los gerentes en las decisiones empresariales, los acuerdos de confidencialidad entre empresas y entre empleados y las certificaciones de calidad, influyen de manera positiva en los procesos de innovación para el comercio en general.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRAC The tertiary sector in Colombia is one of the most dynamic and provides the highest employability in the country, which makes the sector vulnerable to any crisis it faces, as well as a driver of other activities when processes and innovation are introduced into them. Given this, the research aims to find the most important characteristics of the trade activities (wholesale and retail) within the tertiary sector that can generate processes of innovation and impact on the economy. This objective is achievable through the use of a Logit model, in which it was found that variables such as the type of company, the contracts held with the public sector, the level of education, the involvement of managers in business decisions, confidentiality agreements between companies and among employees, and quality certifications, positively influence the innovation processes for trade in general.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comercio al por mayor y menor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[innovación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[competitividad y tecnología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelo Logit.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[wholesale and retail trade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[innovation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[competitiveness and technology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Logit model.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agresti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Categorical Data Analysis]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<edition>3rd ed.</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Wiley]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Audretsch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belitski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caiazza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phillip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Collaboration strategies and SME innovation performance]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Business Research]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>164</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camagni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cápello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caraglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Static and dynamic agglomeration economies: Spatial context and structural evolution behind urban growth]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Papers in Regional Science]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>17-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>CEPAL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[CEPALSTAT. Base de datos y publicaciones estadísticas]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coolidge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Statistics: A Gentle Introduction]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Thousand Oaks, California ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Creswell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Thousand Oaks, California ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>DANE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Empleo informal y seguridad social - Históricos]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Field]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Discovering Statistics Using SPSS. 3rd Edition (Introducing Statistical Methods)]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Thousand Oaks, California ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hosmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemeshow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Applied Logistic Regression]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<edition>2nd ed.</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Wiley]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Menard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Applied Logistic Regression Analysis]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<edition>2nd ed.</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Michalski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Innovation, risk and finance paradigm from the polish perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Innovation Studies]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>107-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paczos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sawulski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lesacuteniewicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How much do public and private sectors invest in physical and human capital? Towards a new classification of investments]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Review of Economics and Finance]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<page-range>1324-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wongsansukcharoen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thaweepaiboonwong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of innovations in human resource practices, innovation capabilities, and competitive advantage on small and medium enterprises&#8217; performance in Thailan]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European research on management and business economics]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>85-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Case Study Research: Design and Methods]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<edition>4th. ed.</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Thousand Oaks, California ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
