<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2218-3620</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Universidad y Sociedad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Universidad y Sociedad]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2218-3620</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial "Universo Sur"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2218-36202018000500153</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El impacto de la cuarta revolución industrial en las relaciones sociales y productivas de la industria del plástico IMPLASTIC S. A. en Guayaquil-Ecuador: retos y perspectivas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The impact of the fourth industrial revolution on the social and productive relations of the plastic IMPLASTIC INDUSTRY S. A. in Guayaquil- Ecuador: Challenges and perspectives]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Franco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Melvin Leonardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lovato Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sofía Georgina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abad Peña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Graciela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Guayaquil  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>República del Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>153</fpage>
<lpage>160</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2218-36202018000500153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2218-36202018000500153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2218-36202018000500153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Las empresas y sus respectivas economías viven a nivel global una etapa de coyuntura con cambios acelerados basados en la infraestructura de la era digital. Esto ha dado lugar al inicio de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial, donde las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones impulsan la transformación digital de la industria permitiendo la hibridación del mundo físico con el mundo digital, representando un reto que debe ser cumplido para lograr estabilidad y permanencia en un mercado altamente competitivo. Esto significa grandes transformaciones a nivel de procesos, producto y modelo de negocios en dependencia del tipo de industria, del tamaño de la empresa y del país donde se aplique. El propósito de este trabajo es analizar las características de la Industria 4.0 que permitan identificar los impactos sociales y productivos tanto negativos como positivos en el mundo de manera general, para luego contextualizarlo de forma crítica en Ecuador y de modo particular en la industria de plásticos INPLASTIC S.A. Se determinan, además, los restos y perspectivas que deben permitir a INPLASTIC S.A. transitar de manera exitosa a la cuarta generación industrial.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The companies and their respective economies live at a global level, a stage of conjuncture with accelerated changes based on the infrastructure of the digital age. This has led to the start of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, where information and communication technologies drive the digital transformation of the industry allowing the hybridization of the physical world with the digital world, representing a challenge that must be met to achieve stability and permanence in a highly competitive market. This means major transformations at the level of processes, product and business model depending on the type of industry, the size of the company and the country where it is applied. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of Industry 4.0 that allow identifying social and productive impacts, both negative and positive in the world in a general way, then, to contextualize it critically in Ecuador and particularly in the plastics industry INPLASTIC S.A. In addition, the challenges and perspectives that should allow INPLASTIC S.A. transit successfully to the fourth industrial generation.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cuarta Revolución Industrial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Industria 4.0]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[industria de plásticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fourth Industrial Revolution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Industry 4.0]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[plastics industry]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faccio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galizia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pilati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assembly system configuration through Industry 4.0 principles: the expected change in the actual paradigms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IFAC-PapersOnLine]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>5700-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Edes Business School</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Aliado Estratégico del Proyecto Ecuador 2030]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fielt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Conceptualising business models: Definitions, frameworks and classifications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Business Models]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>80-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Foro Económico Mundial</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Los desafíos de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial&#8221;]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Referencias históricas y evolución de los plásticos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Iberoamericana de polímeros]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>71-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diseño y construcción de un equipo triturador de botellas plásticas tipo pet]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Riobamba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La revolución del plástico que podría cambiar la industria]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grieco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caricato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gianfreda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pesce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rigon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tregnaghi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Voglino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[An Industry 4.0 Case Study in Fashion Manufacturing. Procedia Manufacturing, 11]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 27thInternational Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing (FAIM 2017)]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Modena </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Grupo Empresarial MENA</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Sitio oficial]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Grupo Franja</collab>
<source><![CDATA[De la industria 1.0 a la 4.0]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guilera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La cuarta revolución industrial]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keynes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Teoría General del Empleo, el Interés y el Dinero. Biblioteca de Grandes Economistas del Siglo XX]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones Aosta]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meneses]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corrales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Síntesis y caracterización de un polímero biodegradable a partir del almidón de yuca]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista EIA]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>57-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarrete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ecuador y La cuarta revolución industrial]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perasso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[¿Qué es la cuarta revolución industrial?]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[BBC Mundo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perasso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Barómetro Global de Innovación]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[BBC Mundo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rifkin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El fin del trabajo. Nuevas tecnologías contra puestos de trabajo: el nacimiento de una nueva era]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Chilena de Derecho Informático]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>2</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwab]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La cuarta revolución industrial]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Penguin Randon House]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stumpo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[División de Desarrollo Productivo y Empresarial CEPAL]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Seminario Internacional &#8220;LDLE: Análisis conjunto de los sectores laboral y productivo mediante el uso de registros administrativos]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tapia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Industria 4.0-Internet de las Cosas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[UTCIENCIA]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>51-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zumba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Industrias 4.0 el arranque de una nueva era]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
