<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2218-3620</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Universidad y Sociedad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Universidad y Sociedad]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2218-3620</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial "Universo Sur"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2218-36202022000400421</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ancient phonetic-morphological elements in the case system of Turkic languages]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Elementos fonético-morfológicos antiguos en el sistema de casos de las lenguas turcas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gahramanova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yegana Gurbat kizi]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Azerbaijan</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>421</fpage>
<lpage>427</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2218-36202022000400421&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2218-36202022000400421&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2218-36202022000400421&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The article shows that the idea of the existence of two case systems is not appropriate, based on the phonetic and morphological features of the case system of the Turkic languages. It is noted that the idea that the category of affiliation in Turkish languages preceded possession is not correct, and it is shown that although some Turkologists divide the solution in Turkish into two parts, simple and belonging, in fact, such a division does not justify itself in these languages. Linguistic facts prove that ownership in these languages preceded the category of belonging, but the morphological indicator of ownership was not the suffix -&#305;n4 as it is now, but the suffix -ak / -&#305;k in the ancient Sumerian language.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El artículo muestra que la idea de la existencia de dos sistemas de casos no es apropiada, con base en las características fonéticas y morfológicas del sistema de casos de las lenguas túrquicas. Se observa que la idea de que la categoría de afiliación en lenguas turcas precedió a la posesión no es correcta, y se muestra que, aunque algunos turkólogos dividen la solución en turco en dos partes, simple y pertenencia, de hecho, tal división no justifica mismo en estos idiomas. Los hechos lingüísticos prueban que la propiedad en estos idiomas precedía a la categoría de pertenencia, pero el indicador morfológico de propiedad no era el sufijo -&#305;n4 como lo es ahora, sino el sufijo -ak / -&#305;k en la antigua lengua sumeria.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Case category]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Turkish languages]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Affiliation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ownership]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Categoría de caso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lenguas turcas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[afiliación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[propiedad]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdullayev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Issues of the Azerbaijani language.]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[BSU Publishing House]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aronoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fudeman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[What is Morphology?]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<edition>2nd ed.).</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Wiley-Blackwell]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bashirov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Oghuz group grammatical morphemes in Turkic languages]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Science and education]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bashirov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comparison of Turkic languages: Morphological categories in Oghuz group Turkic languages]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elm Publishing House]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bogoroditsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Introduction to Tatar linguistics in connection with other Turkic languages]]></source>
<year>1953</year>
<edition>2nd ed</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Tatar-gosizdat]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Morphology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Encyclopedia Britannica]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haspelmath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sims]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Understanding Morphology]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<edition>2nd ed.</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huseynov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Problems of Azerbaijani linguistics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>23-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jalilov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Morpholonology of the Azerbaijani language.]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Maarif Publishing House]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kazimov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[History of the Azerbaijani language]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Education]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korkmaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bartin and his mouths]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Turkology]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>140-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lieber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Introducing Morphology]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<edition>3rd ed</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mammadli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Grammatical categories of nouns in Azerbaijani dialects]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elm Publishing House]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paribakht]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wesche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Read&#305;ng and &#8220;Incidental&#8221; l2 vocabulary acqu&#305;sition: An Introspective Study of Lexical Inferencing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Studies in Second Language Acquisition]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>195-224</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramstedt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Introduction to the Altai language: Morphology.]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Foreign Languages]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Recepli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Monuments of ancient Turkish writing]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Nurlan Publishing House]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serebrennikov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hajiyeva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative historical grammar of Turkish languages]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Folklore Scientific and Cultural Center of ANAS. SADA Publishing House]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sevortyan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Category of cases]]></source>
<year>1956</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IPSGTYA Publishing House]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shcherbak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative reviews of morphology of Turkic languages.]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Leningrad Publishing House]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shcherbak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Grammatical review of the Turkic texts of the X-XIII centuries from eastern Turkestan]]></source>
<year>1961</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academy of Sciences of the USSR]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stoller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grabe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Implications for L2 vocabulary acquisition and instruction from L1 vocabulary research]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Second Language Reading and Vocabulary Learning]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<page-range>24-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tenishev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Story of the Salar Language]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Nauka]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yilmaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Turkish as a foreign language learners awareness and use of morphology in guessing the meanings of unknown words from context: A case study.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational Research and Reviews]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>675-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yusifov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phonomorphology of root words in Turkish languages]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>Vol. Part I</volume>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ganja Publishing House]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
