<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2223-4861</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Centro Azúcar]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[cen. az.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2223-4861</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Feijóo]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2223-48612022000100013</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[EFECTO DEL PRECALENTAMIENTO SOBRE LA MICROSTRUCTURA Y DUREZA DEL RECARGUE DE MARTILLOS DESMENUZADORES CON ELECTRODOS AWS E FeCr-A1]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[EFFECT OF PREHEAT ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND HARDNNES OF THE SURFACING OF SHREDDER HAMMERS WITH AWS E FeCr-A1 ELECTRODES]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz Crespo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Amado]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesa Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio Lázaro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Central &#8220;Marta Abreu&#8221; de Las Villas Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial Centro de Investigaciones de Soldadura (CIS)]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Clara Villa Clara]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Empresa de Revisión Técnica Automotor  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Clara Villa Clara]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>13</fpage>
<lpage>20</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2223-48612022000100013&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2223-48612022000100013&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2223-48612022000100013&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: El electrodo AWS E FeCr-A1 no garantiza una aleación en la primera capa que pueda contrarrestar el desgaste de los martillos desmenuzadores. La microestructura en la primera capa es la austenita primaria (&#611;- Fe) y una red eutéctica interdendrítica (&#611;- Fe + M7C3). La dureza es de 50 HRC.  Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del precalentamiento sobre la dureza y microestructura de depósitos obtenidos con el electrodo AWS E FeCr-A1.  Materiales y Métodos: Los depósitos se obtuvieron sobre placas de acero S275JR, utilizando una y dos capas a temperatura ambiente y a 200°C, con el proceso manual por arco eléctrico y electrodo revestido (SMAW). Las muestras fueron desbastadas, pulidas y atacadas con el reactivo Murakami. La microestructura fue observada por microscopía óptica (MO). Para la determinación de la dureza se utilizó un durómetro Shimatsu.  Resultados y Discusión: La microestructura de los depósitos obtenidos a temperatura ambiente con una y dos capas consiste en austenita primaria (&#611;- Fe) y un eutéctico (&#611;- Fe y M7C3). El valor máximo de dureza fue obtenido en los depósitos con dos capas (723 HV). La microestructura del depósito, realizado a temperatura de 200° C, contiene austenita (&#611;- Fe) y menor cantidad de eutéctico (&#611;- Fe y M7C3).  Conclusiones: Con el aumento de la temperatura (200°C), la microestructura predominante es la austenita (&#611;- Fe), y el depósito alcanza solo una dureza de 572 HV, por debajo de la indicada para el consumible AWS E FeCr-A1 que es 650 HV.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: The AWS E FeCr-A1 electrode does not guarantee deposits in a single layer that can counteract the wear of the shredder hammers. Microstructure in the first layer is primary austenite (&#611;- Fe) and an interdendritic eutectic network (austenite and carbide). The hardness is 50 HRC.  Objective: To evaluate the preheat effect on the hardness and microstructure of deposits obtained with the AWS E FeCr-A1 electrode.  Materials and Methods: The deposits were obtained on S275JR steel plates, using single and double layer of recharge at room temperature and at 200°C, with shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). The samples were trimmed, polished and etched with Murakami reagent. The microestructure was observed by optical microscope (OM). The Vickers microhardness was determined using a Shimatsu microdurometer.  Results and Discussion: Microstructure of deposits obtained at room temperature using simple and double layer consist of primary grain of austenite (&#611;- Fe) and eutectic (&#611;- Fe and M7C3). The highest hardness was obtained in the sample with double layer (723 HV). Microstructure of deposit performed at 200°C is composed by large amount of austenite (&#611;- Fe) and lower fraction of eutectic (&#611;- Fe and M7C3).  Conclusions: With a temperature increase (200°C), predominant microstructure is austenite (&#611;- Fe), and deposit reaches only a hardness of 572 HV, below that indicated for the consumable AWS EFeCr-A1 which is 650 HV.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dureza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[martillos desmenuzadores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microestructura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[precalentamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[recargue]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[soldadura manual.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hardness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[shredder hammers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microstructure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[preheat]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[surfacing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[manual welding]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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