<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2224-6185</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología Química]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[RTQ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2224-6185</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Oriente]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2224-61852019000300552</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Modificación de bentonita cubana y su aplicación como adsorbente de hidrocarburos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Modifying a Cuban bentonite and its application as oil adsorbent]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León Barrios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maydeibys]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación del Petróleo (CEINPET)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>552</fpage>
<lpage>563</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2224-61852019000300552&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2224-61852019000300552&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2224-61852019000300552&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El manejo inadecuado de los materiales y residuos peligrosos ha provocado en el mundo un grave problema de contaminación de los suelos. En Cuba, la industria del petróleo ha tenido un impacto negativo en materia ambiental. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido la modificación estructural de la bentonita de un yacimiento cubano para obtener un material con propiedades adsorbentes y ser aplicado ante un derrame de hidrocarburos en suelos. Se determinó la capacidad de intercambio iónico mediante ensayos con solución de níquel utilizando la técnica de Absorción Atómica y posteriormente se realizó el mismo procedimiento de intercambio con dos compuestos orgánicos (yoduro de tetrabutilamonio y hexametilentetramina). Los materiales obtenidos fueron caracterizados por Espectroscopia Infrarroja y determinadas sus propiedades superficiales a la temperatura del nitrógeno líquido utilizando la ecuación de Brunauer, Emmett y Teller (BET). Se realizaron pruebas a escala de laboratorio para determinar su capacidad de adsorción, según método ASTM para absorbentes tipo II. Los materiales obtenidos fueron ensayados sobre suelo contaminado con dos tipos de crudo: ligero y pesado, utilizando 3 dosis diferentes de cada adsorbente. Los mejores resultados se han obtenido con el material adsorbente bentonita modificada con polioxicationes orgánicos para crudo pesado y su capacidad de adsorción promedio se considera aceptable comparado con algunos de los productos comerciales de similar estructura.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Inappropriate materials and hazardous waste management has caused a serious problem of pollution of soils all around the world. In Cuba, the oil industry has had a negative impact on environmental issues. The aim on this work is the structural modification of bentonite extracted from a cuban clayfield, in order to obtain a material with adsorbent properties to be apply in oils spilling situations. Ni(II) exchange capacity of the modified clay was determined as a preliminary test using atomic absorption technic. The same procedure was applied using two organic compounds: tetrabutylammonium iodine and hexamethylenetetramine. These materials were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, and their surface properties were determined at liquid nitrogen temperature by BET method. Laboratory scale tests were conducted to determine their adsorption capacity, according to ASTM method for a type II absorbent. Finely, the obtained materials were tested in front of soils, contaminated with two types of oils (light and heavy). Three different doses of adsorbent clays were used. Best results were obtained for organic-polyoxycation-modified bentonites in front of heavy oil. The average adsorption capacity of these materials is acceptable in all cases, compared with some commercial products with similar structure.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bentonita]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[arcillas pilarizadas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[arcillas organofílicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[adsorción de hidrocarburos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bentonite]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pillared clays]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[organophilic clays]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hydrocarbons adsorption]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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