<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2224-6185</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología Química]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[RTQ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2224-6185</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Oriente]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2224-61852019000300655</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis de ciclo de vida del aprovechamiento energético de los residuos (tusa) de la cosecha de maíz (Zea mays) en la provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Life cycle analysis of the energy use of the waste (corn cob) of the corn crop (Zea mays) in the province of Los Ríos, Ecuador]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martillo Aseffe]]></surname>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lesme Jaén]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[René]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OlivaRuiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Oscar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aldemar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva Lora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Electo Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Católica de Guayaquil  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Oriente  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago de Cuba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Federal University of Itajubá NEST-Excellence Group in Thermal Power and Distributed Generation, Institute of Mechanical Engineering ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Itajubá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>655</fpage>
<lpage>672</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2224-61852019000300655&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2224-61852019000300655&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2224-61852019000300655&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La agricultura enfrenta hoy tres nuevos desafíos, el cambio climático, la desertificación y la pérdida de la biodiversidad de los suelos, provocado por las malas prácticas culturales en los sistemas agropecuarios y es necesario estos sistemas tengan como objetivo no sólo proporcionar alimentos, sino energía a partir de todos los desechos. El maíz es un producto que se cultiva en casi todo el mundo y durante el proceso de cosecha se generan residuos tales como tusas, hojas, tallos que pueden ser utilizados como fuentes de energía. En objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un análisis de ciclo de vida del aprovechamiento energético de la tusa, determinándose los coeficientes de residuos y su potencial energético en la provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador, obteniendo que por cada tonelada de maíz cosechado se obtienen 1,665 toneladas de residuos, de las cuales 0,613 toneladas son tallos, 0,309 toneladas hojas, 0,277 toneladas de raíces y 0,186 toneladas de tuzas. El análisis del ciclo de vida de la producción de energía eléctrica a partir de la tusa con tecnologías de gasificación y motor de combustión interna muestra un potencial energético de 15.72 GJ/ha por cosecha y un índice de generación eléctrica de 115.20 kWh/ton de maíz producido. Por otra parte, la huella de carbono en términos de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero para los escenarios evaluados fue de 913 kg CO2-eq/t de maíz y 797 kg CO2-eq/t de maíz, respectivamente, con una reducción de emisiones de 12.7% por cosecha.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Agriculture faces three new challenges today, climate change, desertification and the loss of soil biodiversity, caused by poor cultural practices in agricultural systems and it is necessary these systems not only to provide food, as well energy to from all the waste. Maize is a product that is grown in almost all the world and during the process of harvest residues such as corn cobs, leaves, stems that can be used as energy sources are generated. The objective of this work is to perform a life cycle analysis of the energy use of the corn cob, determining the waste coefficients and their energy potential in the province of Los Ríos, Ecuador, obtaining that for each ton of corn harvested 1,665 tons are obtained of waste, of which 0.613 tons are stems, 0.309 tons leaves, 0.277 tons of roots and 0.186 tons corn cobs. The life cycle analysis of the electrical energy production from the corn cobs with gasification technologies and internal combustion engine shows energy potential of 15.72 GJ / ha per harvest and an electric generation index of 115.20 kWh / ton of corn produced. On the other hand, the carbon footprint in terms of greenhouse gas emissions for the scenarios evaluated was 913 kg CO2-eq / t of corn and 797 kg CO2-eq / t of corn, respectively, with a reduction in emissions of 12.7% per harvest.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Biomasa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[residuos de maíz]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aprovechamiento energético]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Biomass]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[corn residues]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[energy use]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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