<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2224-6185</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología Química]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[RTQ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2224-6185</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Oriente]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2224-61852020000200452</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Artículo original]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[National formulations of high-octane gasoline. Case study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Men]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Norma Elena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación del Petróleo (CEINPET)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>452</fpage>
<lpage>468</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2224-61852020000200452&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2224-61852020000200452&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2224-61852020000200452&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Las gasolinas de alta capacidad antidetonante (Número de Octano Investigativo, RON &#8805; 98) no abundan en el mercado mundial. Generalmente son gasolinas &#8220;hechas a mano&#8221; para fines específicos, con componentes hidrocarbonados, oxigenados y aditivos químicos, cuidadosamente seleccionados. El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo la formulación de una o más variantes de gasolina &#8805; 98 RON (G98), sobre la base de naftas de producción nacional y de gasolina importada (en forma segregada); y adición de sustancias mejoradoras de octano no metálicas: hidrocarburos puros y compuestos oxigenados. Las naftas de alto octano se obtuvieron de refinerías con tecnologías de Craqueo Catalítico y Reformación Catalítica, respectivamente. Los contenidos volumétricos de naftas se seleccionaron tomando en cuenta los balances de productos habituales en dichas refinerías. Se eligieron proporciones de hidrocarburos y de oxigenados que constituyen una práctica mundial. La determinación experimental del RON se realizó en motor CFR-48 estandarizado, con un cilindro, según establece la norma ASTM D2699. La formulación de G98, a partir de naftas, se logró mediante la adición de 10%v/v de etanol anhidro a una mezcla base reforzada con una iso-parafina y un aromático. La G98, con gasolina importada, se obtuvo solo con 10 %v/v de etanol. La capacidad antidetonante del resto de las formulaciones confirmó el complejo comportamiento de la gasolina durante la combustión en motores de combustión interna, entre ellos: la proporcionalidad inversa entre el número de átomos de carbono de los alcoholes y la velocidad de inicio de las reacciones en cadena de radicales libres durante la combustión.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT High-capacity anti-knock gasolines (Research Octane Number, RON &#8805; 98) do not abound in the world market. They are generally &#8220;hand-made&#8221; gasoline for specific purposes, with hydrocarbon, oxygenated compounds and chemical additives, carefully selected. The objective of this work was the formulation one or more variants of gasoline &#8805; 98 RON (G98), based on nationally produced gasoline and imported gasoline (in segregated form); with addition of non-metallic octane enhancing substances: pure hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds. High-octane gasoline was obtained from refineries with Catalytic Cracking and Catalytic Reforming technologies, respectively. The volumetric contents of gasoline were selected taking into account the usual balances of products in these refineries. Proportions of hydrocarbons and oxygenates that constitute a worldwide practice were chosen. The experimental determination of the RON was carried out in a standardized CFR-48 engine, with a single cylinder, as established by ASTM D2699. The formulation of G98, from naphtha, was achieved by adding 10 %v/v anhydrous ethanol to a base mixture reinforced with an iso-paraffin and an aromatic. G98, with imported gasoline, was obtained only with 10 %v/v ethanol. The anti-knock capacity of the rest of the formulations confirmed the complex behavior of gasoline during combustion in internal combustion engines, including the inverse proportionality between the number of carbon atoms in alcohols and the speed of initiation of chain reactions of free radicals during combustion.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gasolina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[formulaciones de gasolina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[octano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[capacidad antidetonante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resistencia a la detonación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gasoline]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gasoline formulations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[octane]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antidetonating capacity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[detonation resistance]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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