<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2304-0106</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la ACC]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2304-0106</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia de Ciencias de Cuba]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2304-01062021000100010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cementos óseos acrílicos: desarrollo de nuevas formulaciones bioactivas y con actividad terapéutica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Acrylic bone cements: new formulations with bioactivity and therapeutic action]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morejón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lizette]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendizábal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ledea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oscar Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gastón]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ivette]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Habana Centro de Biomateriales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Guadalajara  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Jalisco]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas (CNIC)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2304-01062021000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2304-01062021000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2304-01062021000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  Deficiencias asociadas a las formulaciones clásicas de los cementos óseos de poli (metacrilato de metilo) (PMMA) y a nuevas aplicaciones en Ortopedia, Traumatología y Neurocirugía han incentivado la investigación de nuevas formulaciones de cementos óseos con mejores propiedades.  Métodos:  Síntesis de hidroxiapatita micrométrica (MicroHA) derivada de la Coralina HAP-200(, hidroxiapatita nanométrica (NanoHA) y biovidrios; silanización, estudio de acoplamiento matriz-relleno; preparación de cementos de PMMA con relleno o fármacos (simples o combinados), caracterizaciones por FTIR, DRX, XPS, SEM-EDS, mecánicas, de bioactividad y microbiológicas.  Resultados:  Cementos con rellenos híbridos (MicroHA/NanoHA) con 30 %, 40 % y 50 % y diferentes proporciones (60:40; 55:45; 50:50) garantizaron propiedades mecánicas, resultaron bioactivos y fueron no citotóxicos en cultivos de fibroblastos (L929) y osteoblastos (MC3T3-E1). La inclusión de partículas de vidrios de fosfato silanizados: 44,5 % CaO- 44,5 % P2O5-11 % Na2O y 44,5 % CaO-44,5 % P2O5 -6 % Na2O- 5 % TiO2 indujo formación in vitro de una capa de hidroxicarbonatoapatita precursora de la unión directa a largo plazo implante-hueso. Formulaciones con antibióticos simples (3,125 %) ciprofloxacina, cefalexina, ceftriaxona, meropenem, cefazolina y ceftazidima liberaron in vitro concentraciones terapéuticas y mantuvieron su elución durante 8 meses (largo plazo). Combinación ciprofloxacina/meropenem y ciprofloxacina/ceftazidima en cementos demostraron mayor efecto antibacteriano contra Staphylococcus aureus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa que cementos dopados con Gentamicina (antibiótico convencional). Cementos con 10% de aceite ozonizado Oleozon®, ciprofloxacina/meropenem y ciprofloxacina/meropenem/Oleozon® disminuyen al 100 % cultivos de Pseudomonas aeruginosa por 11 d. Conclusiones: Este trabajo propone cementos con bioactividad para un enlace más duradero al tejido óseo y mayor estabilidad protésica, así como, cementos acrílicos con fármacos con mayor efectividad antibacteriana sin antecedentes en la literatura.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Deficiencies associated with the classic formulations of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cements and new applications in Orthopedics, Traumatology and Neurosurgery have encouraged the investigation of new formulations of bone cements with better properties.  Methods:  Synthesis of micrometric hydroxyapatite (MicroHA) derived from Coraline HAP-200(, nanometric hydroxyapatite (NanoHA) and bioglasses; silanization, matrix-filler coupling study; preparation of PMMA cements with ceramic fillers or drugs (single or combined); characterizations: FTIR, XRD, XPS, SEM-EDS, mechanical, bioactivity and microbiological.  Results:  Cements with hybrid fillers (MicroHA/NanoHA) with 30 %, 40 % and 50 % and different proportions (60:40; 55:45; 50:50) guaranteed mechanical properties, were bioactive and were non-cytotoxic in fibroblast cultures (L929) and osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1). The inclusion of silanized phosphate glass particles: 44,5 % CaO- 44,5 % P2O5-11 % Na2O and 44,5 % CaO-44,5 % P2O5 -6 % Na2O- 5 % TiO2 produced in vitro formation of a layer of hydroxycarbonate apatite precursor to direct long-term implant-bone binding. Simple antibiotic formulations (3,125 %) ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, ceftriaxone, meropenem, cefazolin and ceftazidime released therapeutic concentrations in vitro and maintained their elution for 8 months (long term). Combination of Ciprofloxacin/Meropenem and ciprofloxacin/ceftazidime in cements showed a greater antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa than cements doped with Gentamicin (conventional antibiotic). Oleozon®, ciprofloxacin/meropenem and ciprofloxacin/meropenem/Oleozon® cements with 10 % ozonized oil reduce Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures by 100 % for 11 days, which is an opportunistic germ that complicates orthopedic replacements and other bone injuries. Conclusions: This work proposes cements with bioactivity for a more durable bond to bone tissue and greater prosthetic durability, as well as acrylic cements with drugs with greater antibacterial effectiveness with no history in the literature.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cementos óseos acrílicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bioactividad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[infecciones periprotésicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[acrylic bone cements]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bioactivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[periprosthetic infection]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Charnley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anchorange of the femoral head prosthesis of the shaft of the femur]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Bone Joint Surg]]></source>
<year>1960</year>
<volume>42B</volume>
<page-range>28-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jackson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Father of the modern hip replacement Professor Sir John Charnley (1911-82)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Med Biogr]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>151-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jasso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morejón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendizábal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bone Cements (Acrylics)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Encycl Biomed Polym Polym Biomater]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>1025-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saleh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El Othmani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tzeng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acrylic Bone Cement in Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Orthop Res]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>737-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Provenzano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murphy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KPJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bone Cements Review of Their Physiochemical and Biochemical Properties in Percutaneous Vertebroplasty]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Neuroradiol]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>1286-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van de Belt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schenk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Horn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van der Mei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Busscher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Infection of orthopedic implants and the use of antibiotic-loaded bone cements A review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Orthop Scand]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>557-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bistol?]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Massazza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verné]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[M. Antibiotic-Loaded Cement in Orthopedic Surgery: A Review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int Scholar Res Netw]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<page-range>1-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anagnostakos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Therapeutic Use of Antibiotic-loaded Bone Cement in the Treatment of Hip and Knee Joint Infections]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Bone Joint Infect]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>29-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keener]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Callaghan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goetz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pederson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Twenty-Five-Year Results After Charnley Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients Less Than Fifty Years Old]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Bone Joint Surg]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>85-A</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1066-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zafra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estudio histopatológico de la membrana de interfase cemento-hueso o prótesis de hueso en prótesis totales de cadera con aflojamiento]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Ortop Traum]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>361</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>267-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pluot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ET]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Revell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[James]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SLJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hip arthroplasty Part 2: normal and abnormal radiographic findings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Radiol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<page-range>961-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeffers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JRT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Browne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lennon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prendergast]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cement mantle fatigue failure in total hip replacement Experimental and computational testing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Biomech]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>1525-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parvizi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goswami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higuera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Della Valle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The 2018 Definition of Periprosthetic Hip and Knee Infection An Evidence-Based and Validated Criteria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Arthroplasty]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>1309-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bertazzoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Della]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Different microbial biofilm formation on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement loaded with gentamicin and vancomycin]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anaerobe]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>380-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anagnostakos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Antibiotic Elution from Hip and Knee Acrylic Bone Cement Spacers: A Systematic Review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BioMed Res Int]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<page-range>1-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Senn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gehmert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ochsner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kühn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nowakowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Therapy for Chronic Recurrent Osteomyelitis with Multi-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using Local Antibiotic Release by a Polymethylmethacrylate Custom-Made Tibia Nail]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Surg Infect Case Reports]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>26-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morejón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cementos óseos acrílicos modificados con hidroxiapatita.]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Guadalajara ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Guadalajara]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cif]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Twenty-Fourth Informational Supplement (M100-S24)]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<page-range>34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herbet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korkusuz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hasirci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Hydroxyapatite-Impregnated Bone Cement]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Turk J Med Sci]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>543-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morejón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendizábal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ginebra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aparicio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Static Mechanical Properties of Hydroxyapatite (HA Powder- Filled Acrylic Bone Cements Effect of Type of HA Powder]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Biomed Mater Res B]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>72B</volume>
<page-range>345-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oshida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hancock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kowolik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zunt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hydroxyapatite/PMMA composites as bone cements]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bio-Med Mater Eng]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>87-105</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ISO 5833</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Implants for surgery-Acrylic resin cement]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[International Standard Organization]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ASTM</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Specification F451-99 a: Standard specification for acrylic bone cement]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[American Society for Testing and Materials]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kokubo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takadama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How useful is SBF in predicting in vivo bone bioactivity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biomaterials]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>2907-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morejón Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monleón Pradas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ledea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guadarrama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Composites of Poly (methyl methacrylate) with Hybrid Fillers (Micro/Nanohydroxyapatite): Mechanical, Setting Properties, Bioactivity and Cytotoxicity In Vitro]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Polym Composite]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1927-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hench]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The story of bioglass]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Mater Sci-Mater M]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>967-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morejón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brizuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Correa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendizábal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Vallés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vidrios Biomédicos y Vitrocerámicas como sustitutos de los tejidos óseos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev CENIC Cienc Quím]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<page-range>137-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hench]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Splinter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenlee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bonding mechanisms at the interface of ceramic prosthetic materials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Biomed Mater Res Symp]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<volume>334</volume>
<page-range>117-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morejón Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado García-Menocal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J Á]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tarragó Aymerich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Vallés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Calcium Phosphate Glasses Silanization process and effect on the bioactivity behavior of Glass-PMMA composites]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Biomed Mater Res B]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>102</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>205-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mack]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeeves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pascoe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Knobloch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JKM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Staphylococcus epidermidis in Biomaterial-Associated Infections]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fintan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SAJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Busscher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Biomaterials Associated Infection. Immunological Aspects and Antimicrobial Strategies]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sasazawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanayama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takahashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iwasaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy of Adjunctive Antibiotic-Loaded Acrylic Bone Cement for Deep Surgical Site Infection Prophylaxis after Primary Cemented Hip and Knee Arthroplasties]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Orthop Surg Tech]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>7-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morejón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brizuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Liberación in vitro de fármacos desde cementos óseos acrílicos destinados a los recambios protésicos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cub Inv Biomed]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cementos óseos acrílicos como portadores de fármacos. Propiedades]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de La Habana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morejón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendizábal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ledea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of acrylic bone cements with single and combined antibiotics Release behavior and in vitro antibacterial effectiveness]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomater]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>830-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cementos óseos acrílicos cargados con antibióticos. Efectividad microbiológica.]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de La Habana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morejón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zayas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ÁM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ledea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Antibacterial effect of acrylic bone cements loaded with drugs of different action's mechanism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Infect Dev Countr]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>487-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
