<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2304-0106</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la ACC]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2304-0106</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia de Ciencias de Cuba]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2304-01062021000300029</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Diversidad genética de Treponema pallidum en Cuba]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Genetic diversity of Treponema pallidum in Cuba]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noda Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ángel Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Orestes]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinosa López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yudeimys]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas Perelló]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arianna Amarilis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Islay]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2304-01062021000300029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2304-01062021000300029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2304-01062021000300029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: Treponema pallidum es una bacteria monomórfica con muy pocas diferencias genómicas entre aislados y subespecies. La diversidad genética de este patógeno no ha sido explorada a profundidad, sin embargo, estos estudios impactan directamente en el desarrollo de nuevos métodos diagnósticos, vacunas, entre otros. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la diversidad genética de este patógeno en Cuba (2012-2019).  Métodos:  Se realizaron 5 estudios moleculares exploratorios basados en caracterización molecular, detección de mutaciones puntuales y secuenciación de genoma completo de T. pallidum.  Resultados: Se determinó la presencia de 8 subtipos de T. pallidum subsp. pallidum (TPA), 7 genotipos de TPA, la presencia de T. pallidum subsp. endemicum en pacientes diagnosticados de sífilis venérea, con mutaciones puntuales de resistencia a macrólidos en una elevada frecuencia y eventos de recombinación intra e inter-aislados en TPA aportando significativamente a la diversidad genética de este patógeno en Cuba y en el mundo. Lo anterior, sugiere como conclusión una significativa diversidad genética de T. pallidum en el contexto cubano con un predominio incrementado en el tiempo de genotipos recombinantes, a los que se les debe seguir más de cerca por su potencial implicación en el comportamiento de esta enfermedad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: Treponema pallidum is considered as a monomorphic bacterium with very few genomic differences among isolates and subspecies. The genetic diversity of this pathogen has not been explored in depth; however, this kind of studies potentially has a direct impact on the development of new diagnostic methods and vaccines. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity of this pathogen in Cuba (2012-2019).  Methods: Five exploratory studies were carried out based on molecular characterization, detection of one-off mutations and whole genome sequencing of T. pallidum.  Results: The high level of genetic diversity of T. pallidum in the Cuban context was demonstrated by the detection of 8 subtypes of T. pallidum subsp. pallidum (TPA), 7 genotypes of TPA, the identification of T. pallidum subsp. endemicum in patients diagnosed with venereal syphilis, one-off mutations conferring resistance to macrolides with a high frequency and intra- and inter-strain recombination events in TPA. These findings suggest, as a conclusion, a significant genetic diversity of T. pallidum in the Cuban context with an increased predominance of recombinant genotypes over time, which should be further studied given their potential involvement in the development of this disease.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Treponema pallidum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diversidad genética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[recombinación genética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mutaciones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ADN]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Treponema pallidum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genetic diversity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genetic recombination]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mutations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[DNA]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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