<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2304-0106</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la ACC]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2304-0106</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia de Ciencias de Cuba]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2304-01062022000200032</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Medidores inflamatorios en mucosa respiratoria superior durante la fase temprana de la infección por SARS-CoV-2]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Inflammatory mediators in mucosa of superior airway during early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montalvo Villalba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Caridad]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdés Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Odalys]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muné Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mayra de la Caridad]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzalez Báez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guelsy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arencibia Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Amely]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarez Gainza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Delmis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Resik Aguirre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sonia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzmán Tirado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2304-01062022000200032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2304-01062022000200032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2304-01062022000200032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción. El SARS-CoV-2, es el agente causal de la COVID-19. Este virus produce infecciones que oscilan desde formas asintomáticas a sintomáticas, con grados de severidad variable. La tormenta de citoquinas, caracterizada por la liberación descontrolada de mediadores inflamatorios influye en la inmunopatología de la COVID-19. El objetivo fue evaluar si el título viral y el desbalance de la respuesta inmune temprana influían en la presentación clínica de la infección por SARS-CoV-2.  Métodos. Se empleó el PCR en tiempo real, para determinar el nivel de replicación del SARS-CoV-2 en muestras de exudados nasofaríngeos (ENF). La expresión de mediadores pro-inflamatorios con función antiviral (IFN-&#947;), quimioquina (RANTES) y antiinflamatorio (TGF&#946;-1) fueron evaluados en células colectadas de los ENF. Se estudiaron individuos sintomáticos y sintomáticos infectados por SARS-CoV-2, en los primeros 10 días de diagnóstico o contacto con la fuente de contagio. Estos se compararon con un grupo control individuos negativos al virus.  Resultados. El nivel de replicación viral fue similar en los individuos infectados por SARS-CoV-2, independientemente de la presencia de síntomas. Se identificó una expresión elevada de IFN-&#947; en los casos positivos al SARS-CoV-2, que fue significativamente mayor en los pacientes sintomáticos al compararla con los controles (p = 0,0393). La expresión de TGF-&#946;1 y RANTES fue baja en los individuos infectados por SARS-CoV-2. Se observó una correlación positiva y significativa entre el IFN-&#947; y TGF-&#946;1 en los individuos asintomáticos (r = + 0,61; p = 0,0014). Como conclusiones, los hallazgos sugieren que el desbalance entre los mediadores pro- y antiinflamatorios influyen en la presentación clínica de la infección por SARS-CoV-2.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction. SARS-CoV-2, is causal agent of COVID-19. This virus causes infections that range from asymptomatic to symptomatic infection, with variable grade of severity. Cytokine storm, characterized for uncontrolled releasing of inflammatory mediators, has effect in the immunopathology of COVID-19. The aim was to evaluate if viral titers and unbalance of early immune response determined the clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection.  Methods. Real time PCR was used to identify the level of SARS-CoV-2 replication in nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS). Expression of pro- inflammatory mediators with antiviral (IFN-&#947;) and chemokine (RANTES) functions were evaluated. TGF&#946;-1 anti-inflammatory cytokine was also determined. In cells collected from NPS. It was studied SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals; with 10 days or less of onset symptoms or contact with source of infection. A control group negative to virus was used to compare the results.  Results. Level of viral replication was similar in individuals independently of their symptoms. It was identified a high expression of IFN-&#947; in SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects, which was significantly increased in symptomatic patients in comparison to controls (p = 0,0393). TGF-&#946;1 and RANTES expression were lower in SARS-CoV-2 positive cases. It was observed a positive and significant correlation between IFN-&#947; and TGF-&#946;1 in asymptomatic cases (r = +0,61, p = 0,0014). As a conclusion, the findings suggest an unbalance between pro-and anti-inflammatory mediators determinates the clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Interferón gamma (IFN-&#947;)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[RANTES]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Factor transformador del crecimiento beta 1 (TGF-&#946;1)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Inmunopatogénesis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Interferon gamma (IFN-&#947;)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[RANTES]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Transformer growth factor beta 1 (TGF-&#946;1), Immunopathogenesis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences in China and implications for its prevention and treatment worldwide]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Cancer Drug Targets]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>410-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schulert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Volpi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kernan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On the alert for cytokine storm: Immunopathology in COVID-19. Arthritis &amp; rheumatology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arthritis Rheumatol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1059-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saito A]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nagase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[TGF- Signaling in Lung Health and Disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Mol Sci]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>19</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Konno S]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schroth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mosser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brockman-Schneider]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Busse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Am. Interferon-gamma enhances rhi594-601novirus-induced RANTES secretion by airway epithelial cells]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Respir Cell Mol Biol]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>594-601</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SKYK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interferon gamma mRNA quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis: a novel interferon gamma release assay]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<page-range>68-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ziklo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taing]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Timms]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[High expression of IDO1 and TGF-beta1 during recurrence and post infection clearance with Chlamydia trachomatis, are independent of host IFN-gamma response]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC infectious diseases]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montalvo Villalba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdés Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muné Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arencibia García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez Alfonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Baéz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interferon gamma, TGF-ß1 and RANTES expression in upper airway samples from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla)]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>220</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zou L]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[New Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>382</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1177-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kam K-Q]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RTP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maiwald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nadua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NWH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[28 February 2020 A well infant with coronavirus disease 2019 with high viral load]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Infect D Clin Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>847-849is</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dube]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghosh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mishra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kompella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[UB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Repurposed Drugs, Molecular Vaccines, Immune-Modulators, and Nanotherapeutics to Treat and Prevent COVID-19 Associated with SARS-CoV-2, a Deadly Nanovector]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Adv Ther (Weinh)]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kalkeri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goebel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2 Shedding from Asymptomatic Patients: Contribution of Potential Extrapulmonary Tissue Reservoirs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Trop Med Hyg]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>103</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>18-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tiwari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interferon-gamma (IFN- ): Exploring its implications in infectious diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biomolecular Concepts]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>64-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Junhua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Immune environment modulation in pneumonia patients caused by coronavirus: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aging]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>7639-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jamilloux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fauter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El Jammal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Should we stimulate or suppress immune responses in COVID-19? Cytokine and anti-cytokine interventions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Autoimmunity reviews]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nile]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nile]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qiu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[COVID-19: Pathogenesis, cytokine storm and therapeutic potential of interferons]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cytokine &amp; Growth Factor Reviews]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<page-range>66-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seethamraju]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dhody]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kazempour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lalezari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Disruption of the CCL5/RANTES-CCR5 Pathway Restores Immune Homeostasis and Reduces Plasma Viral Load in Critical COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[medRxiv]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
