<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2308-0132</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Estudios del Desarrollo Social: Cuba y América Latina ]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Estudios del Desarrollo Social]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2308-0132</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Programa Cuba]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2308-01322022000200004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Derivados financieros en países subdesarrollados. Variantes poco usuales para la cobertura de riesgos de variación de precios de las mercancías]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Financial Derivatives in Under-Developing Countries. Unusual Variants for the Hedging of Commodities Price Variation Risks]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Habana Centro de Investigaciones de la Economía Internacional ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2308-01322022000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2308-01322022000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2308-01322022000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Aunque el mercado de derivados financieros en países subdesarrollados no alcanza en tamaño y desarrollo al de los países más avanzados, el uso de estos instrumentos ha venido creciendo desde la década de los años 80. Son amplios los beneficios que brindan a estas economías tan dependientes del exterior y vulnerables a las variaciones de precios de sus productos de exportación e importación y del financiamiento. No obstante, estos países enfrentan dificultades para su uso amplio y eficiente. Existen experiencias positivas en el uso de derivados para proteger riesgos relacionados con el comercio exterior en países subdesarrollados, la mayoría a través de estrategias simples. Sin embargo, algunas variantes menos convencionales o de mayor complejidad se pueden implementar con el propósito de incrementar los beneficios de estos instrumentos y para sortear algunas de las trabas que subsisten para su uso. Las más efectivas incorporan opciones.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Although the derivatives market in developing countries does not reach the size and development of those of developed countries, this instruments&#8217; use has been growing since the 80&#8217;s. They significantly benefit these economies which are quite dependent from foreign trade and vulnerable to fluctuations of their main export and import items and financing flows. However, these countries face difficulties for a wide and efficient use of these instruments. There are positive experiences in developing countries using derivatives to protect risks related to foreign trade, mostly through simple strategies. However, some less conventional or more complex variants can be implemented in order to increase the positive outcome from these instruments and to avoid some of the obstacles prevailing for their use. The most effective alternatives are those involving options.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cobertura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derivados sobre productos básicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derivados financieros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mercados emergentes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[riesgos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[commodity derivatives]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[emerging markets]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[financial derivatives]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hedging]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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